This is the best technology that can

scan inside of the Great Pyramid that

are undiscovered features.

>> Do any of these structures that they're

interpreting fly in the face of what

conventional archaeology would think

exists inside the pyramid?

>> All of it.

>> All of it.

>> All of it.

>> There is also electricity inside this

>> fossilized lightning through these iron

veins. What is creating the lack of

signature here?

>> There is something I can't disclose it

now.

>> I understand.

>> Each pyramid is producing a specific

chemical and the sequence of these

chemicals transforms one product into

the next product into the next product.

Industrial scale chemical manufacturing.

If we do have tubular structures,

pillars with coils wrapping around them

that go a kilometer deep with a

foundation underneath them,

>> that's insane. That's huge.

>> Correct. Yeah. And it's it's something

that needs to be addressed

because there's no physical way that

these could possibly have been built.

Period.

>> Then I'm going with aliens, right? Like

how do how do we explain that? For over

4,000 years, the pyramids of Egypt have

stood as some of the most extraordinary

structures ever built by human hands.

The Great Pyramid of Kufu on the Giza

Plateau, contains roughly 2.3 million

stone blocks, some weighing as much as

70 tons, arranged with a precision that

still astonishes engineers today.

The first and most obvious question

everyone asks is how these insanely

large, sophisticated, and astronomically

aligned structures were built in ancient

times before modern civil engineering.

Archaeologists and historians have

proposed several main theories.

French architect Jean Pierre Houdan

suggests that an internal ramp spiraling

within the pyramid structure itself

carried the blocks. This is an idea that

gained renewed interest after the scan

pyramids project detected unexplained

voids inside the great pyramid. Other

proposals involve lever systems,

counterweights, and complex lifting

techniques hinted at by ancient

historians like Herododus. And then of

course you have the Atlantean acoustic

levitation crowd. Always a good time and

I can't hate on them. But the point is

all of these theories have serious

issues with them and are incredibly

speculative. And there's another even

more simple question we take for granted

and one that's probably even more

interesting when it comes to the

pyramids. Why were they built in the

first place? The most widely accepted

explanation is the royal tomb theory.

Most Egyptologists believe the Great

Pyramid was built for the Pharaoh Kufu

around 2500 BC as part of a massiveerary

complex designed to help the king ascend

to the afterlife. And the pyramid of

Kafra was of course built for the tomb

of Pharaoh Kafra, Kufu's son. But no

confirmed mummies or tombs of Kufu or

Kafra have ever been found inside of the

pyramids.

And the interior chambers themselves are

surprisingly bare. And so in the last

few decades, some very alternative ideas

have emerged for what the pyramid's true

purpose may have been.

One of the most famous of these comes

from former aerospace engineer and Joe

Rogan guest Christopher Dunn. Dunn

proposed that the Great Pyramid might

have functioned as an ancient energy

machine. In his view, the pyramid's

internal chambers, granite structures,

and resonant geometry may have all

worked together to generate power,

possibly through vibrations interacting

with quartz crystals inside the stone.

Researcher Jeffrey Drum, who runs the

amazing Land of Chem YouTube channel,

believes the pyramids weren't producing

electricity at all. They were harnessing

atmospheric electricity and producing

hydrogen gas and ammonium based

compounds essential for metal working

and agriculture, something ancient

civilizations needed. And my hypothesis

for the function of the great pyramid is

that the hydrogen sulfide gas coming

from this subterranean karst cave and

tunnel system is the initial reactant in

the chemical manufacturing sequence

within the great pyramid.

>> According to drum, different chambers

inside the pyramid could have served as

reaction vessels where chemicals like

zinc and acid interacted generating

hydrogen through controlled reactions.

These fascinating open questions, how

and why the pyramids got built, became

infinitely weirder in 2022. That's when

a small team of researchers led by

Italian radar specialist Filipo Biandi

and his engineering colleague Curado

Malonga made one of the boldest claims

in the last century involving ancient

archaeology. Using a technique called

synthetic aperture radar Doppler

tomography applied to satellite data,

they claimed to have detected eight

enormous cylindrical tubular structures

going beneath the Giza plateau, possibly

including large vertical shafts and

chamberlike formations extending

hundreds of meters below the pyramids

themselves. We are counting at the

moment 4 + 4 cubes that are descending

underneath and they are connecting the

top so the base of the pyramid to

something that is located at the bottom.

So tonight on American Alchemy, we are

hosting a historic roundt discussion

between Jeffrey and none other than

Filipo Beyond himself, the man who

conducted the scans and created the

method that derived the images of these

large columns below the pyramids. The

result was probably the deepest

conversation that's ever been had on the

structure and purpose of the pyramids

and the vast complex of subterranean

structures that might lie beneath them.

Modern disclosure might not involve

modern technology, but rather ancient

technology hidden in plain sight.

Without further ado, probably the two

best guests I could think of to explore

the birthplace of alchemy itself,

ancient Egypt. Please welcome this

week's American Alchemists, Jeffrey Drum

and Filippo Beyond.

>> Ignition sequence start.

>> Now, is this possible?

Nothing too unusual about that.

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I'm here with Filippo Beyond, round two

with him, and I have brought in an

amazing co-inter, Jeffrey Drum, who I've

become a recent big fan of.

>> Thank you, sir.

>> And I I just can't wait enough for this

conversation. And I'm really excited to

dive into this because Filippo, as we

all know at this point, has through

synthetic aperture radar Doppler

tomography, he's a he's a scientist,

he's a data scientist, 30 years uh PhD,

who with his own method, the Beyond

Method, has basically figured out

through these tomography scans, he's

derived what he says looks like these

eight four plus four tubular structures

with coils wrapping around them

underneath uh the pyramids, not only

actually underneath uh the pyramids,

under underneath some other structures

as well. So, uh it's kind of a bombshell

finding obviously it uh uh is also a

really uh amazing meme that like took

off on the internet. And um Jeffrey uh

more recently I've become a huge fan of

just because he's so rigorous and I I

don't know too many people who have a

stepbystep thesis as to what the

pyramids actually their function is. You

know I it really it's you're kind of in

a league of your own. Um and so uh you

know

>> I appreciate that. That's that's a huge

uh vote of confidence.

>> No, I mean it I mean it's you and

Christopher D. And so

>> Sure. I'm excited to have you here

because I think you can ask Filippo

questions that I cannot. Yes. I think I

probably accept a lot of things at face

value. And so I'm really excited to host

this discussion.

>> Yeah.

>> And uh thank you both for being here.

>> Thank you. Thank you very much for your

invitation.

>> So as far as kicking things off, why

don't we just go over the core findings

just for the audience's kind of context.

So what are we talking about here when

it comes to these synthetic aperture

radar Doppler tomography scans and and

if you could go into the method as

specifically as possible that would be

very helpful. Yes, the the the method is

relatively new and not so um let's say

uh um diffused by the other colleagues

uh m colleagues of mine but uh someone I

am uh I know that is replicating the

experiment so I am very happy about this

uh essentially uh I work I worked a lot

of years maybe I I maybe 30 years on on

radar and 20 years on radars um

installed on satellites.

Um

synthetic aperture radar is an an

equipment that uh synthetizes

synthetic so synthetizes a so-called

integration time along the orbit in

order to have aimote resolution uh high

very high aim resolution. So it is very

important for civilian application and

other applications.

Uh today is a state-of-the-art because

uh uh it require

companies that uh American companies and

also European companies that are uh

building their own satellites. they

launch launch the satellites in the in

the sky in the space I'm sorry and uh

they they sell data so it is it is very

simple to find the synthetic virtual

radar data and what we do is uh we re uh

reprocess this data in order to um uh

and this is the core of our method in

order to retrive the um the superficial

vibration of the

this superficial v vibration we have to

consider it we have to consider this

vibration like uh the the the waves that

we can observe on on the border of the

swimming pool. So those kind of waves

contains all the information that uh it

is uh that that it is uh given by the

underground the underneath the

underground. So we do uh like that we

estimate the vibration and then we we we

do uh we make we perform algorithms that

uh are able to retract tomography.

Tommography is Thomas is uh we look

inside

>> it's slicing of the interior

>> when we use acoustics because acoustics

uh in the in the acoustics are uh very

important because they propagate

propagate only matter

>> y

>> and we use as a carrier the light

>> y

>> because in this space we don't have

matter we we have but we don't have

matter and uh we use the the light it

means the radio frequency in the 10 GHz

in the in the 10 GHz central frequency

so light to carry the information of the

vibrations

>> right

>> so basically you have synthetic aperture

radar which is a triedand- trueue method

nobody's arguing with you know synthetic

aperture radar being effective you have

companies like Ice ISI um you know Umbra

Capella Space that work off this method.

They use it for defense and commercial

purposes. It's basically a higher

resolution radar. And then I think the

big update here is the Doppler

tomography. And then the other update is

you're getting these tomography scans

and you have software that is

proprietary to you, right Philipp?

Because we have uh we have a patent that

this uh this now I I am also submitting

a second patent.

>> Mhm. on the first patent because I made

some uh improvements of the technique

and uh so I'm in these days we are

submitting in United States. So the two

big updates are the Doppler tomography

and then you get the tomography scans

and it's your interpretation of the

tomography scans which is kind of this

unique thing

>> to you and so that has the the world you

know up in in flames the archaeological

world where you have you know people

like Flint Dibble coming at you and

saying you know

>> guy

yeah

>> Jeffrey really um struck me as somebody

who you was asking I think one step

level deeper questions than I could ask

about this. And so I kind of want to you

know just maybe defer defer to you here

as far as uh you know what what you

think about these claims because on the

face of them you know if we do have

tubular structures pillars with coils

wrapping around them that go a kilometer

deep with a foundation underneath them

>> that's insane. That's huge.

>> Correct. Yeah. And it's it's something

that needs to be addressed. So to

preface sort of my perspective on the

new SR scans, my work focuses on a

comprehensive overview of the function

of the Egyptian pyramids from the step

pyramid, red pyramid, bent pyramid,

great pyramid, central pyramid, final

pyramid and also encompasses ancient

structures like stone circles, passage

chamber reactors, teot wakan, Japanese

pyramids, etc. And it's a comprehensive

overview of the function of these

structures with a basis on mechanisms of

operation related to physics and

chemistry with the function of the

Egyptian pyramids being for industrial

scale chemical manufacturing where each

pyramid is producing a specific chemical

and the sequence of these chemicals

transforms one product into the next

product into the next product. So from

my perspective in interpreting and

reverse engineering the function of the

Egyptian pyramids, we have a known

chamber configuration

which inherently any hypothesis on the

function of the Egyptian pyramids has to

specifically assess all of these

specific components in the known

configuration.

So if there are new components for

example a lot of people don't know that

Philippo and the S team actually

published their first paper back in 2020

when they scanned the great pyramid and

this paper did not get a lot of

attention at the time and I think a lot

of people haven't gone back to look at

your original research and I'll also do

my best to kind of summarize in layman's

terms how the beyond protocol works in

relation ation to the existing Satellite

radar technology because this is a

conjunction of existing satellite

technology with new software that's

known as the Beyond protocol that again

is interpreting micro vibrations which

you term as phonons as indicative of

internal chambers within the structure

and we'll walk through this process and

I think the impetus for this as you can

see here on the screen anybody who's

watching um the organizers ers of the

SAR team's first international

conference was in Malta back in June of

2025

and the organizers of the conference

were familiar with my work. Armando and

Filippo were familiar with my work and

my wife and I as you can see there we

had a an absolutely spectacular time in

Malta. It is gorgeous there. Such a fun

conference. We got to meet everybody and

Filipo and I had a really engaging sort

of question and answer process going on

during this conference where that was

really why I was invited by the

organizers of the conference to come and

ask questions based on my knowledge of

the existing configuration and Filippo

you're the man when it comes to SAR

technology and you are the creator of

this Beyond protocol. So whether you

like it or not, you're the only person

that has the qualifications to answer

these questions.

>> Jeffrey, ask me the question.

>> Yes, an answer. We will

>> right.

>> I want to say one thing and then and

then I'll defer to you, Jeffrey. Um

because if I do think it's important

because a lot of people, you know, the

information space in podcast world is

not always the best and I think a lot of

people might uh Google or chat GBT

synthetic aperture radar and get a quick

a quick debunk like oh you can't

penetrate the earth with synthetic

aperture radar and I do think

>> yeah it is it is so I want so this is

really important that what you were

saying is that um There is a kind of uh

phonon to photon conversion and that uh

these micro vibrations just like you

might be able to read the substructure

underneath water through measuring the

waves translates to the electromagnetic

radio waves that you know get translated

to the satellite. Correct. Exactly. But

penetration is related only to the

information the entropy

>> which is the basic of basics of

information. I suggest everyone to read

the mother paper of information which is

the paper of Shannon and uh

>> Claude Shannon

>> and

>> he's the best a and uh also to to back

you up there are other modalities like

there's something called cold atom

sensing and you know gravitometry

>> which non-invasive above the surface and

you are measuring subsurface stuff you

aren't measure measuring it with perfect

accuracy so that's what's very important

and the reason I'm so excited excited to

have you here is because I think a lot

of the first order debunks like the one

I just mentioned suck and are easy their

ignorance as you said. I think and I

don't even want to call it a debunk

because it's a friendly conversation.

Yeah. But you have thought of other kind

of interesting ways to poke at uh you

know

>> it's just objective questions out of

fascination and interest for the work.

And I think that's an important thing in

science is when people with different

opinions come together,

>> it helps us get closer to the truth

>> because diversity builds new things.

>> Of course, and I will agree there are

absolutely things below the Giza plateau

that we do not understand that are the

impetus for the construction of the

pyramids on the Giza plateau. They chose

the Giza Plateau for a very specific

reason. There are very important

resources

below the Giza Plateau that are directly

related to the function of the Egyptian

pyramids. So, we'll kind of get to that

at the end, but let's let's dive into

this um so that everybody can just kind

of hear. I'm going to read briefly just

quoting the abstract of your first paper

>> just just to say I remember in the last

interview that uh I made with uh Jesse

when he came in Kchano where I live I

said I remember that I said

one thing in in the Giza uh business

let's say business there is a crucial

material that is common in in every

everything so it's water

>> yes

>> water Uh I think that water is very

important.

>> I agree.

>> Yes. In this business.

>> Yeah.

>> And for example, um we've actually taken

samples of the water in the Osiris shaft

and I had that tested in conjunction

with an archaeological project that I'm

a member of called the Osiron 7

Archaeological Mission in conjunction

with Jim Westerman to investigate the

source of the water within the Osiron.

So they're doing testing of the water in

the Osiron and hydraological evaluation

of the Osiron to try to determine a why

and where the water in the reservoir

comes from. And there's also intrusive

water in one of the central recesses

that we're also trying to determine the

source of this water. I'm an official

member of that archaeological project

and I brought our water samples from the

Osiris shaft to have tested in

conjunction with the samples from them.

And the Osiris shaft is brackish water.

It's not fresh water and it's not

seawater. It's brackish water. So

brackish water is slightly salty water.

Not fresh water, not seawater.

>> In Italian is called the Salmastra.

>> Yeah. Yeah. So partially salt water.

>> So there's a very independent aquifer

located directly below the Osiris shaft

that is not connected to the Nile River.

So for example, the Nile is way way back

from the Giza plateau and because of the

high Azwan Dam, there's no more flooding

of the Nile River. So the water level

inside of the Osiris shaft has not

fluctuated since the time of its

construction.

So there's an independent aquifer

located directly below the Osiris shaft.

And that system was designed to tap into

that aquifer at a very specific level at

the bottom of the chamber, which is why

the chamber is still filled with water

at the bottom of the Osiris shaft today.

So there's pockets of independent

aquifers all over the Giza plateau. And

there's also subterranean flowing water

which

>> ah so there there is also sub

subterranean

>> moving water. Yeah. Yeah. So there's

actually pumps,

>> okay,

>> that have been installed near the valley

temple.

So the Kafra Valley Temple near the

Sphinx enclosure, um the Egyptian

government has installed pumps to try

and pump this water out from below the

Giza Plateau.

>> So there's pumping stations at Giza

where they've been pumping out this

water from below the Giza Plateau,

>> which is there's a reason they're doing

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>> It's it's from a sense of archaeological

preservation, of course, which is the

main justification for everything done

in Egypt. We're trying to preserve the

monuments. So, we want to remove all the

water.

>> So, they are they they they

installed pumps to remove water.

>> Yeah. because they already know that

that there are structures inside.

>> Not necessarily that they know that

there's structures, but it's more for

the preservation of the pyramids on top

>> to prevent more erosion from below

>> because there is and I I'll get to this

at the end of the conversation. They

know for sure that there are caves and

tunnels below Giza.

>> There are a lot of caves. a lot of caves

and which are natural geological

features

>> and then we will speak about this.

>> Yeah, of course. Yeah. And we we agree

on that, right? Um it's

>> so we all agree on that. We all agree

that the pyramids were likely not

conventional tombs. Right.

>> Right. So like we're all like same page

there and then it see it sounds like

we're on the same page that water is

this important thing whether it's

chemical power plant or you know energy

power plant but yeah what do you think

>> and they we are sure also that they were

not built by the Egyptian

>> that would be my bias what do you think

>> what do you think

>> so by built by the Egyptians

>> I think they were built by the

civilization that lived in Egypt

>> during a period known as the Saharan

humid period which is from 8,500 BC to

around 5,300 BC

>> which well predates what Zahi gaw like

the Ministry of Culture would say

>> and and during that time period the

upper eastern Sahara was being

transformed from a desert into a vast

area of farmland by sweeping monsoon

rains. So there was tons of rain, there

was tons of water, there were tons of

thunderstorms, which is also directly

connected to my hypothesis on the

function of the pyramid structures,

directly connected to thunderstorms and

lightning,

>> which we'll get to the power source of

the pyramids and why these subterranean

structures might be important for

capturing and recirculating that

electrical current. And you have you

have what seems to be water damage and

erosion on the nose of the sphinx that

people like John Anthony West talk

about.

>> Yeah. The back of the sphinx enclosure.

>> Okay.

>> Yeah. The water the water erosion at the

back of the sphinx enclosure. Yeah.

That's that's the work of Robert Shock

that looks at those vertical fissures on

the back of the Sphinx enclosure which

is indicative that the structure was

built during a time period where there

was significantly more rainfall. Right.

So I think it was built by the Egyptians

by virtue of it being the people that

were in Egypt. Yeah. Sure. At the time,

which predates So I do think it was So

I'm not in the alien camp where I think

that these are extraterrestrial. I think

they were built by human beings

>> at the end of the last ice age

>> in order to reestablish and rebuild

humanity after the largest cataclysm

that basically destroyed most of the

planet and put human beings at risk for

extinction. So they're infrastructure

projects.

>> You mentioned Robert Shock, you know, he

and Graeme Hancock would say that the

Sphinx itself is actually an homage to,

you know, the former procession. Sure.

and that you know the the the the

constellation Leo which was you know

facing true north was what it was you

know pointing towards and and that the

feronic you know headdress is actually

sort of retrofitted yes onto it. Would

you agree with that or

>> so I think the Sphinx itself is a

dynastic monument that was built on an

existing bedrock outcrop within the

Sphinx enclosure.

>> Okay. So similar to

>> Correct. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. So

>> I don't I don't think the Sphinx

monument as a statue is contemporary to

the pyramids themselves.

>> Yeah.

>> Two two separate time periods.

>> Got it. Yeah. No. No. So So it sounds

like we're all on the same page that the

conventional archaeological explanation

for what's going on is kind of

primmaacia wrong and that the goalposts

are clearly moving on that. Let's say

that we are sure that when I open the uh

history book, school book of my son and

I go to the pyramid and I read uh two

uh 2500 BC is uh is not true.

>> Yes, exactly. So, so let's get into it

because I have some technical questions.

So, the title of their first paper

>> again when I read this at first I was

like what the hell is going on here?

Synthetic aperture radar Doppler

tomography detects undiscovered

highresolution internal structures of

the Great Pyramid of Giza. So this was

their first public scan of the Great

Pyramid before they scanned the Kafra

pyramid, the the central pyramid. And

I'm going to quote briefly from the

abstract here and then I'll do my best

to, you know, from a layman's

interpretation

provide an explanation for exactly

what's happening here for for people who

don't understand the technical stuff. So

one problem with synthetic aperture

radar is that given the limited

penetrating effects of the

electromagnetic waves inside

>> it one of the problem.

>> Yes. Yeah.

>> So who says that I'm sorry if I

>> It's okay. Go ahead. Yeah. Please.

>> Who says who or who says that? No, it's

impossible because rather can't

penetrate.

This is the main issue.

>> Correct. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So I'm

just I'm just

>> they're going to dealing with the main

issue

>> and and and in the paper this is in the

abstract they're they're proposing one

of the main problems

>> and then the resolution to the problem

is the implementation of your new

software system.

>> So again let me just so so people can

understand what's going on. So one

problem with S radar is that given the

limited penetrating effects of

electromagnic magnet waves inside of

solids the capability to in image inside

distributed targets is excluded. So

under these circumstances imaging

activity is only given on the surface of

distributed targets.

>> Absolutely. This paper describes an

imaging approach based on the

investigation of micromovements on the

surface of the kum kufu pyramid the

great pyramid usually generated by

background seismic waves. So essentially

what the technology and the beyond

protocol is again Filippo please correct

me if I'm wrong and then agree if I have

this interpretation correct. So we have

existing synthetic aperture radar

satellite technology

>> and what you've done is developed a new

software

>> that works in conjunction with these

existing satellites to detect micro

movements.

>> Yes.

>> On the surface of the structure which

you have termed as phonons.

>> Yes. And those phonons and the

differences between the structure and

the cavities are indications of chambers

and hidden structures inside of the

pyramid.

>> Everything is encoded on these micro

movements because correct

>> if you have a chamber the micro

movements are like that. If you don't

have the chamber the micro move

movements are different.

>> Correct.

>> Present on the surface.

>> Right. Yeah. Yeah. So again, this is the

the whole revolutionary and novel

approach of the Beyond Protocol is it's

utilizing these surface micro vibrations

to tell us what's going on on the inside

of the structure. So again to clarify,

there's been some discussion in the

community that, you know, S technology

is old and it's vetted. It is 100%. And

S technology has been around for a long

time. But what Felippo has done is

developed a new approach to use these

exist existing satellites

>> existing data.

>> Correct. Yeah. To do something a little

different. Right. So we're now going to

be using these micro vibrations which

again they've called phonons

>> is the term utilized. So again, if

you're reading the paper, if you're

hearing a technical discussion, when you

talk about phonons, you're talking about

these micro vibrations that are being

detected by the radar.

>> Yes.

>> Okay.

>> I please ask you to go uh a bit up and

at the previous uh um slide, please.

>> On the abstract on the abstract.

>> So I have some Oh, this one here. Yeah.

Yeah. And there there is is written very

clear that kum kufu becomes transparent

like a crystal when observe it in the

micro movement domain.

>> Yes.

>> Is it written there?

>> Yeah. Yeah.

>> Uh based on this novelity we have

completely reconstructed internal object

observing and measuring structure that

have never been discovered before.

>> Yep. The experimental result uh are

estimated estimated by processing series

of SAR images. So this is the SAR the

SAR give you an image existing image and

then we process those image by in that

case it was the 2020 uh second

generation Italian cosmos kind satellite

system. A week ago, we uh we we put in

orbit a third satellite of Cosmos Sky

second generation. So now Italy has

three satellites of Cosmos.

>> Y it's very good.

>> And I'll show all of the images from

this paper so people can see what you've

discovered inside of the Great Pyramid

and all of those diagrams.

>> Okay. So this is from the Malta

conference which fast forward a couple

years later we're in Malta and this just

gives some additional information for

the people watching so they can

understand when we say phonons they'll

understand that those are the micro

movements. Phons are micro movements.

Correct. When I when when we when we

deal with light

>> Yeah.

>> light is composed by photons.

>> Correct. Yeah.

>> The vibrations of this table

>> Yeah.

>> at any frequency is a vibration of the

matter and the vibration of the matter

is composed by phonons.

>> Yep.

>> Okay.

>> Yeah.

>> So in this slide here and this is where

I have some questions about the process

of the radar scan itself. So you have

>> I'm here I'm here to explain everything

about this.

>> Yeah, of course. So the satellite is

going around the earth.

>> Yes.

>> And the the flat earth people are going

to go nuts when I when I do this, right?

>> No. There is the Pacman theory,

>> right? So again,

>> the satellite goes

>> it goes around like this

>> goes

outside the Pacman theory and

>> it comes back around. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.

Magically, right? Easy.

>> So again, the satellite is going around

the Earth, right?

>> And you're making passes over the target

object. So the satellite's going around

like this. And you're imaging the Great

Pyramid, for example.

>> Yes.

>> What is the square footage?

>> The square footage

>> or the square meters, the the footprint

on the ground. This is the correct word.

>> Yeah. What is the size of the area?

>> Yes. of the target scan for the radar.

>> 5 km times 5 km. Okay.

>> So, so is this is that a standard

footprint

>> or can you adjust the size?

>> It depends on the so-called geometry.

>> Okay.

>> There is a low that uh uh uh that is uh

stand that belongs on radar.

>> Yeah.

>> The more the resolution, the less the

footprint. The more resolution, less

footprint, right? Yeah. Because the

smaller the footprint,

>> the more accurate dense information

inside the small. It's like a light when

you focus the light footprint on this

table.

>> Yes.

>> So if you focus the light, you have more

information inside the footprint. Okay.

>> So you also use the phrase tomographic

line.

>> Tomographic line. Yeah. which is a slice

>> a slice

>> of the internal

>> Yes. And you system

>> and you extract a vertical cortex.

>> Correct. Yeah. So to create these scans

the raw data

>> Yeah.

>> How many times

>> does the satellite go around and over

the target object? So it's only one scan

>> 15 seconds

>> of integration.

>> Okay. It is it is in uh in the signal

processing uh language a sufficient

statistic.

>> Okay.

>> Or have a tomographic analysis. You can

use also series of interferometric data.

>> Yep.

>> I have to explain what is an

interferometric data. Uh it is you you

are observing this this this target

here. The satellite passes you you you

you catch a snapshot of this target.

>> Yes.

When the satellite goes another time on

this target, you will never see it in

the same geometry. It means same

incidence angle, same incidence angle

because the earth is moving while the

satellite is

>> sure

>> is is turning around the earth,

>> right? So you have to wait the so-called

orbital uh procession orbital uh I don't

remember the the name but orbital then

after I will I will remember it

>> that in cosmos kimed is 16 days.

>> Mhm.

>> You you have to wait 16 days in order to

observe the same target in the same

geometry. Yeah, that that was going to

be my next question is

>> and there you can collect 15 seconds 15

seconds 15 seconds 15 seconds three

months of observation persistently on

the target and you collect and you can

collect n times 15 seconds of

observation

>> but one image is a sufficient statistic

in order to retract tomography. Okay. So

that was actually my second question

>> was are these composits

>> of multiple passes

>> and then all of them are put together

for one image.

>> Why you are speaking about multiple

passages? We said that one image 15

seconds of integration y

>> in order to perform the synthesis uh the

synthesis of image is a sufficient

statistic.

>> Right? So with one 15 seconds you have

an image.

>> Okay.

>> Look.

>> And that's Yeah. So just to clarify

again, I'm just I'm just curious about

how the process works.

>> So the the data shown in the first paper

>> and in the scans of the Kufu pyramid

>> and the pillars below,

>> yes,

>> that's collected from a single scan. 15

seconds

>> with with a single synthetic a virtual

rather image.

>> Okay.

>> 15 seconds of integration.

>> Yeah. So we we'll talk about the scans

of the Osiris shaft as well.

>> Also that

>> and that's why you remember I went to

the Giza plateau to investigate the area

around the Osiris shaft.

>> Yes.

>> And this is when I was asking you about

the footprint.

>> Yeah.

>> The area of the scan.

>> Yeah. So when you scanned the Osiris

shaft, was the footprint of the area in

terms of meters by meters, length by

width, was that also 5 kilometers or did

you make the scan area smaller?

>> We use it only one uh available uh

product of synthetic visual data given

by cosmos which is called spotlight 2

the civilian application of cosmos

climate.

>> Okay. And that ensures 5 kilo 5

kilometers times 5 kilometers in that

resolution.

>> Okay.

>> And the resolution the space resolution

is submetric um nearly 1 m plus 1 m or 1

m* 1 m.

>> Okay. And I'll I'll show the scan data

from the Osiris shaft.

>> And the reason I'm asking about the

footprint.

>> Yeah.

>> Is because it's a two-dimensional image.

>> Yes.

>> Right.

>> Tommographic line times depth.

>> Correct. Okay.

>> So, you're taking a 5x5 kilometer scan

>> and compressing it.

>> No,

>> no,

>> no. You choose your the pixel that you

want to invert.

>> Okay.

>> You you can choose any pixel the image

maybe. You ch This is the image. This is

the image. Okay. You choose this pixel

and this other pixel. You you you draw a

line and you extract the vertical cord.

Okay? you you can go anywhere on the on

the image.

>> Okay.

>> Interesting.

>> Okay.

>> And the reason I I'll get to it when we

look at the scan data.

>> Yes.

>> Because on the left side of the Osiris

shaft, it's picking up something else

there.

>> Yes.

>> Yeah.

>> I tell you this

>> and that's why I was interested. Yeah.

Cuz we're on the same Yeah. Of course.

Yeah.

>> Thank you for this question.

>> Of course. Before we get into that, can

can I just say one thing? We're we're

escaped. the the Osiris shaft is used

often as evidence by your team for at

least some validation. It's not blind

validation

>> because we know perfectly the

>> because you know the structure and you

use this same method to derive that

structure.

>> Indeed, I like to show the the Grand

Saso the Grand Saso laboratory because

uh it's very nice in my personal way.

>> Well, there you go. Also,

>> I have that too. So, we can show

everybody the proof of concept.

laborator you you see also the the

intererometer that is that is on the end

of the structure you see it

>> and I thought I thought those proof of

concepts so again it's it's proof of

concept

>> to establish the precedent and the

viability of the technology

>> to scan existing structures where we

have a known configuration and this

technology was very good at accurately

detecting the known structures within

these modern facilities that were

scanned,

>> but also the Osiris shaft, too. We'll

talk about that. I have a question. I

just have some questions.

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>> I I imagine the question that you want

to ask me that we will arrive and but I

anticipate you that any measurement

technical measurement is affected by

errors. Right. Right. Of course. Yeah.

So

>> if you have something and aberration

>> because you are watching in a crystal

that it's made of

um stones.

No songs you can you can have aberration

on the results.

>> So background background noise

>> background noise is also aberration

interference opberation. Yeah.

>> Aberration is due by the not

uh uh constant density of the matter.

>> Sure. uh while you are dealing with um

uh vibrations, vibrations penetrates

inside matter but the matter uh

vibrations are um um traits matter

uh in uh with a speed that it depends on

the density of the m of the matter in

where they are traveling. Correct? If

the matter is not

uh uh has uh different densities uh so

you have aberration on the results.

>> Sure. Yeah. Yeah. So to to reinterpret

what he just said is the penetration and

the signature of vibrational analysis

depends on the density of the material.

>> Yes.

>> Because the more dense the material the

less vibrational signal

>> the velocity changes. Correct.

you have in interference.

>> Sure. Yeah. Yeah. Um

>> and re real quick just for the audience

because I want them to kind of visualize

and have context for this. Yeah.

>> Why don't you answer what is the Osiris

shaft?

>> So the Osiris shaft is a threelevel

structure located on the eastern

causeway leading from the central

pyramid down to the valley temple and

the Sphinx. And it's 33 meter

underground triplechamber system. Not

triple chamber, three different levels.

You have a shaft that goes down to the

primary level. You have another shaft

that goes down to the secondary level

where there's six housings that have

some containers of different material.

One's dite, one's black basalt. And then

you go down to the third level where

there is four pillars. This is the area

that's tapped into that subterranean

aquifer. It's literally calibrated to

just tap the surface of the water in

that underground aquifer. And there's

another chamber uh container down in the

third level.

>> And and what is the Grand Saso

laboratory?

>> Yes, the Grand Saso Laboratory is uh

located in one 1.4 kilometers

below the earth starting from the

aperture of the Grand Saso, the the top

of the of the mountain. And it it is

very huge very very big and uh uh it is

always in alive. It means that there are

ventilators there are facilities

electrical components inside. So it is

in alive.

>> What are they is this like um

>> it's a physics lab.

>> So it's like it's like it's like one of

the national labs in the US like Los

Alamos Lawrence.

>> What the what is the principal core of

the grand saso? It is called the Jerda

experiment because they are um they

didn't uh find it uh still find it the

so-called mayorana particle.

>> The mayorana particle is very uh

important because it demonstrates

that there are particles that are

antiparticles of their of their self.

Okay. And so in the grand sasso, the

grand sasso was made purposely to

demonstrate the mayorana, the existence

of the mayorana particle,

>> the existence of antiparticles

>> that is antiparticle of him. So particle

and antiparticle are the same thing and

so that's opens a lot of things.

>> So like cuz now in particle theory now

you have electrons and posetrons

>> but what what exactly are you saying? We

are dealing with sub nutrinos.

>> Ah well like like quirks and

>> yes neutrinos.

>> Oh you're literally nutrinos. Okay. So

nutrinos sub sub particle sub

>> subatomic yeah subatomic particles and

nutrinos for people that don't know uh

you know are very hard to detect.

They're very elusive. So and they seem

to penetrate through all

>> and so yes they they built the grandas

laboratory in order to have a stable

environment

>> very silent environment because there is

all the mountain that makes as a filter

>> it's an insulator for the detecting

equipment they built it inside of a

mountain.

>> Yes. And there there are there is a

specific detector that is that has been

built to in order to to to recognize

this my part.

>> Very cool. Okay.

>> Yeah. Yeah. And and I'll show that in

just a second so people can see the scan

of the of the lab. Sweet.

>> Um so again I'm just going to introduce

>> we talked a little bit about the

abstract the development of the

technology and how it was implemented in

this first scan.

>> Yeah. So what we're looking at here is

one of the first

>> Yes, this was the first one. Yeah.

>> Yeah. The the raw data imag

the technique prove it is what

>> so Filippo you you kind of already know

my questions looking at it.

>> Yeah. because now you're you're 5 years

6 years removed from the first paper and

from what I understand the satellites

that you're using now are superior to

the ones that you were using during this

initial scan and now you're using

>> is superior also.

>> Yeah. And and now you're using multiple

satellites where this one was only

collected with a single satellite. Is

that correct?

>> Yes.

>> So what are we looking at here?

>> Yeah. So so basically here on the left

so let's start with on the right.

>> Yeah. On the right is the raw scan data

image.

>> On the left is an overlay of the

configuration of the great pyramid.

>> Yeah.

>> Overlaid on top of the tomographic

result.

>> Yes. I have to make a remark when you

speak about row data.

>> Yes.

>> These are dealing always with focus at

the data.

>> Yes. Because also in the vibrational

domain you have raw data and focus data.

>> Yes.

>> Okay. So row data is the data that you

have before the so-called fast

transform. I tell you if you have a um a

camera a camera like that camera and you

uh make a picture with that camera

>> Mhm.

>> you see the image

>> correct?

>> Okay. If you um disassemble the camera

and you and you separate the optics by

the body of the camera, you can make a

photo also with using only the body of

the camera. The result is that you you

see a picture but you don't see the

picture focused because the focusing

procedure is

>> so like developing developing the image.

So a comparison to photography is like

old cameras where you have to develop

the photo. The photo is there but it

requires a process to focus the image

>> and in that case the process is made

naturally by the lens because the lens

performs fully a transform

>> okay what you are seeing.

>> So is this image on the right is this

not focused focused

>> it is focused. So it's the process.

Yeah. But the focus and when you use the

Beyond method with your software, are

you taking are you using an inversion of

the focused data or the raw?

Yeah, that's interesting.

>> Yeah. So this is the final product

>> of what you actually want to look for.

>> No, that's called final noisy product.

>> But you use but you use the unfocused

raw data. No, we don't have to uh we

don't have to confuse the SAR image. So

the optical image with what we are

retrieving on the vertical Cain also

when we retrive something uh when we

extract the tomographic line also there

you have data and you have to focus it

also.

>> Got it. But you you have to focus

everything. Any instrumental measurement

equipment that makes photo you have to

focus this photo

>> and you have to focus it before you use

your Beyond method or is it after?

>> So the Beyond method itself is what

receives these micro vibrations. Got it.

So then that that raw data that receives

those micro vibrations is processed to

create this focused image. So there's

nothing particularly unique or

proprietary about turning the focused

SAR data into an image. Is that correct?

>> Yes.

>> Very basic. His proprietary process is

just the the retrieval of the micro

movements that allow this imaging to be

possible. Okay. Right. Just to to remark

the fact the beyond the protocol is

composed by two steps. The first step

step is called synthesis and the second

step is called analysis.

>> Mhm.

>> In the synthesis we retrive the

vibrations

>> on the pixel composing the the the

tomographic line that we want to invert.

The second process is called analysis

the inversion which is an fast fully

adjust for the lens of the camera

>> because you see nothing.

>> So again this is a good preparation for

everything that you're going to face

coming up because now the work is going

to get even more popular

>> and you're going to have more people

asking questions like this that are

trying to better understand.

>> So moving forward so people can

understand what they're looking at with

the next set of focused images. Here on

the right we have the scale.

>> Yes.

>> So this is the concentration

or intensity of the vibrations

>> one normalizer.

>> Correct. Yeah. So you see everything in

blue is the normal body of the structure

or the background air etc. Right. So as

it goes up the scale we have more

intense vibrations that are being

registered by this satellite radar. Just

so everybody can understand the

coloring.

>> Correct.

>> Yeah. Correct. Yeah. It just shows the

intensity of the vibrations that are

detected. So looking back on it,

>> are you are you still confident and

proud of this data?

>> Absolutely.

>> Or would you rather go back and try to

clean it up more?

>> Yes, we can we can manage to clean it up

more. Absolutely. Yes. But these results

gives you a lot of information and but

we we didn't use only one result. We

have we had a plethora of results in

order to retrive the 3D that uh you will

show.

>> Yes. I have everything. Yeah. Yeah.

>> Uh I have to say something about my

technique that we have to when when you

extract a vertical cain it is normal

that

>> so you're saying vertical curtain

>> curtain. Yes.

>> Curtain. Yes.

>> Right. So like the sheet or the layer or

the slice the vertical curtain.

>> Yeah. Okay. Yeah. So just just in case

people didn't understand vertical

curtain means the slice that's being

extracted from this.

>> This is important that the vertical cain

is not perfect.

>> Maybe if a very bright target is located

here

you can see it. You have to move a lot

the vertical cain in order to don't see

it again because it's like a cone of

sensitivity because every antenna has a

cone of sensitivity.

>> Yes. So,

>> so if you are perfectly in the line of

sight, okay, you will see things that

are mainly uh located on the line of

sight.

>> Yes. But if you have bright targets that

are located also having a a certain

angular of of deviation and you can see

it.

>> Yeah. And we we'll talk about

>> that is what happened there. What is

what you will anticipate me in the

question of questions of the Osiris

shaft is true. You can see also things

that are located here.

>> Yes. Here.

>> Right. Exactly. Yeah. Yeah. And we'll

talk about this cone of sensitivity.

Yes. When it comes to the muon scanning.

>> Hey, also there you have uh things

because also there they have to they

have raw data. Also there they have to

perform fast transa.

>> Yeah. So I'm I included some so we can

get your opinion and feedback because so

for people that don't know muon scanning

is using cosmic ray absorption to do a

similar process to detect interior

structures. They use that method like

the camera like like my camera you have

to always focus data you have to always

perform fast and you have to always

perform tomographic inversion also there

>> yeah so I have some information here

about that and I would love to hear your

opinion on that because they

>> it's a pleasure for me to

>> yeah of course and so again my objective

here is just to get to the bottom of it

because there's there's conflicting data

>> between what the Muon scanning team has

reported and what your team has

reported. So I wanted to get your

interpretation for why that's the case

and then we can we can I'll show the

data here in just a second.

>> Okay.

>> So we have three red squares

>> there. We have a focus at three for the

for who is reading. No.

>> Yes.

>> To give the the readers

a help to interpret that.

>> Correct. Yeah. So, so on the far right,

you can see the edge of the pyramid

there with all of that yellow and red,

that is the surface

>> external casing of the great pyramid

with all of that red and yellow very

intense vibrations because it's closer

to the surface.

>> I like it a lot when you see it. Uh,

it's it's very my my personal opinion is

very it's very is very nice this result.

Okay. Yeah. And we can.

>> And then moving on the inside, we have

one, two, and three.

>> One being the area around the king's

chamber,

>> two being the queen's chamber, and three

is the subterranean chamber.

>> And here I will say that the detection

of the queen's chamber

>> at two. And you can see here the overlay

of the queen's chamber in the center

with the raw scan data. The queen's

chamber always has a very good

signature, a very strong vibrational

signature.

>> Yes. Right.

>> The queen's chamber is a benchmark

because we can see it.

>> And it it would also help you

determining the most effective curtain

or slice.

>> Yeah. So if you have a strong signature

on the queen's chamber, you know that

your tomographic line is lined up

accurately for the objects of interest

in the particular scan. In terms of the

configuration, I'll show some diagrams

and everything in the great pyramid is

aligned right on top of each other. So

again, this just is showing the first

overlay.

>> But I guess we go back there for a

second. My my so super stupid question

is like I'm looking at the raw

tomographic result.

>> Yeah.

>> And I'm looking at one, two, three, and

maybe I see something a little around

one, but two and three look mostly like

in the sort of blue range. Like how do

you convert one to the other? Like what

are we is this is this a failure to

detect or is this a positive detection

of the queen?

>> So let me let me clarify. So all of

these images are screenshots directly

from the paper. And here on the left is

a standard diagram of the Great Pyramid.

This is not one of their models, which

I'll show their models here in just a

second, okay? Where they actually

interpreted the focused scan data into

new 3D models. Okay?

>> So, this is a known standard diagram on

the left.

>> Okay.

>> Overlaid with the focus data. Yeah.

>> And I would agree with that statement

that one and three, you can see the

highlight.

>> Yeah. aren't super encouraging.

>> Yeah.

>> In terms of the detection in this

particular slice.

>> Okay.

>> So, for example, at one,

>> I don't see a clear signature there for

the king's chamber.

>> Sure.

>> And down at three, if you look at the

overlay of the diagram on top of it,

>> it's not picking up the subterranean

chamber either.

>> Yeah.

>> On the far left, you can't see a glow.

>> Yeah.

>> Which is indicative of these vibrations

from the subterranean chamber. Filippo,

do you agree with that or like do you

agree that it's sort of missing the

subterranean chamber and the king's

chamber?

>> Yes, I agree. Yes.

>> Yes.

>> Okay. Yeah. Yeah. And so again, this

just kind of establishes a way for us to

discuss this.

>> It is not mathematical that we can see

in that tomographic line using that

rather image that we can detect things.

Is not mathematical sure. We are not

sure.

we can we have to do uh uh different

measurements in order to have the

results.

>> But I guess my again super dumb question

and I think I'm probably jumping ahead

with it is if we fail to detect certain

chambers in the pyramid,

>> why are we high confidence in structures

going a kilometer deep underneath the

pyramid? Yes, because in the caf

research that we made a few years later

than than this we uh changed the

approach. So so we used very um

uh different geometries on the satellite

data. So with very low uh incidence

angle that means that the the layover of

the of the other images were very high.

But that kind of acquisition when we use

uh low incidence angle

the power of the of the photons are very

high is very high because you see things

like that. So you have a direct

interaction

>> with the earth that kind of um

increasing of power allowed us to see

deeper.

>> Okay.

And uh in that kind of uh configuration

we were able to detect to to uh measure

the structure that were underneath.

>> Did you ever redo the great pyramid and

accurately detect these chambers with

the lower angle of incidence?

>> Yes, that

this it was a medium angle of incidence.

>> So when you say the angle of incident,

let me let me try to interpret that for

the lay person. So when the satellite

starts scanning,

>> yeah,

>> right, this 15 seconds of scanning time,

the process starts lower as opposed to

scanning up here.

>> So you're scanning from lower on the

horizon.

>> We have

>> as opposed to trying to scan from the

top.

>> I give you the answer about this. So we

have to

um do a bit lesson now of how data are

required.

>> Let's say that this is the target.

>> Yeah. that I want to this is 5 km times

5 km

here.

>> It's a huge area. It's a scan.

>> Yeah,

>> it's very generous.

>> I want a picture here.

>> There we go.

>> Okay.

>> This is the satellite.

>> Yeah.

>> The satellite

flies on the on the on an orbit.

>> Correct.

>> Okay. A corvette orbit.

So if I want a an image here in the

other uh field we say I don't want it

squinted. So it means that the sense we

we trace here a vertical line.

We start the sensing here minus 7

seconds

plus 7 seconds 15 seconds right 7.5

like that. So here we begin acting our

sensing and here we release the sensing.

We have the image but SAR is a side

looking

sensor. So we have to tilt.

This is the zero Doppler

T. We have to tilt on the incidence

angle because it's a side looking

>> and we can we can scan let's say never

natural because it doesn't work.

>> So from here like that to here. H from

here to here like that. So we chooed a

very low incidence angle which is the

angle belonging the nadir of our image

and the line of sight this angle. Yeah,

>> this is the incidence angle.

>> Low incidence angle, high lay layover,

high incidence angle, low layover

effect.

>> And that now I tell you what is the

layover like that to like that.

For the caf research project, we use it

low incidence angle. Why? Because the

photons that are transmitted here on the

earth has high power. because the

probability that the photons that arrive

here are retransmitted into the deep

space is low. So you have the scattering

um energy is higher than this that is

lower. Mhm. Okay. Because we wanted to

go inside because we wanted to see

targets very bright because here the

Doppler effect is more we are more

sensitive in the Doppler effect with low

incidence angle with respect to the

higher incidence angle.

>> Okay.

>> Yep. And all of the validation you've

done has been at lower incidence angle.

>> Yeah.

>> Okay. And so

>> CC Yes. lower lower incidence angle is

is better.

>> In this case,

>> we wanted to see

>> we were focused on the pyramid on the

pyramid at the beginning in 2020 and

if we if we were using low incidence

angle uh um data the pyramid are

layover. It means that imagine the

pyramid you see the pyramid the pyramid

is is smashed

on the layover. It means that you see

the pyramid like that.

>> Mhm.

>> The pyramid is smashed like that. And so

it is difficult to

>> to see details inside the pyramid. But

we were interested in the in in the

recent um um research that we did that

we did on all the Giza plateau to see

okay the pyramid I don't care about a

lot about the I want to see what there

is below the pyramid I don't so I don't

know why I'm understanding this if you

if I if I am explaining better this so

we use it principally we use it lower in

angle but not everywhere so we use

uh diff incident.

>> Got it. And then you triangulated the

truths from the different incidents and

and are you highly confident that if you

used the same methodology on the great

pyramid again with the different

incidence angles and triangulating them?

>> We did. We did it. But but but it was

not uh um to to retrive things that we

did on 2020 but it was focused to see

what it was deep below the the but I

don't know if I am

>> you know it's super clear did you ever

try to

>> redo just the pyramid itself to make

sure that the accuracy on the chambers

was correct?

>> No but we can

>> but you can do it. Okay. So, so I'll

also you you haven't seen any of this

yet.

>> The first paper data.

>> There's there's way more. Oh, yeah.

>> Yeah. And they've they did

>> there are a lot of results.

>> Oh, yeah. Of course. And I'm going to

show all that so everyone can see it. I

think it's important for everyone to see

it

>> because they did different scans that

show it sometimes.

>> So, we'll get to that now. We can go

ahead and go ahead. So for example, this

next one is this image from this same

scan. It's just a a focused image.

>> Yes. Yes. Okay. Something uh

>> So So this one I I think we ch

>> Yeah. Down below. Right. So I think we

all agree that the imaging of the king's

chamber here is not great, but we do

have a very promising image of the

queen's chamber. Yeah,

>> I would say that this is actually and

you can even see so look at C down there

on the bottom right.

>> You can actually see the horizontal

shaft

>> coming out of the queen's chamber is

detected I would say fairly accurately.

So I think this is again I I kind of

like to look at the positives and the

negatives, right? Objectively analyzing

the data. Yes, Jeff, I tell you this.

Um, the important of the future of this

technique is the the velocity of the uh

to obtain the result the result.

>> So the speed of the radar.

>> No, the speed of the synthesis.

Okay.

>> Okay.

>> You have the SR image you have you have

to perform you have a tomographic light

uh line you have to perform a synthesis.

to perform synthesis you need days days

and days because it is time consuming

consuming the processing you've been in

Corsiano I show you I showed you the

computer big computers but you need time

>> yes

>> and

um the best thing to do now is to um

increase the the the speed so decrease

the time that I have to wait in order to

obtain a tomography okay and So to make

it also let's say

similar real time what does it mean that

this the thing that I am that I'm think

this this is the procedure that I'm

thinking that we will do it in the

future uh I think that the future of

this technique is this you have an image

you have a a tomographic line but this

tomographic line you can move it

>> in real time and on a monitor you will

see

>> to see yeah like a CT scan

>> like where you move through the section

>> and see all the different layers

>> all the things because I remember when

when we we we did but also on the caf

project you have at uh you you you

launch a process you have to wait 15

days and I forgot what what what we are

watching so it is a bit no a bit not not

so not so useful for it is for research

Okay, you want to be able to do we did

the paper. We did the paper. But if we

want to do several scans, we have to you

have to wait a lot to have the results.

So in my personal opinion, now the thing

that we are doing is this. We have to

reconer the software. We have to use a

rise of GPU. A rise of GPU.

>> Yeah. Maybe we can also

uh multiply the processing power also

for I don't know I can say 10,000 times

it means that 15 days will become 30

seconds is good passing from 15 days

into 30 seconds but to do this I need

investments we need uh I can't do it but

in my best uh uh in my personal opinion

the future of this because here the

problem that that and thank you for

giving me rising these problems.

>> Yeah. Yeah.

>> That we are having now is related to the

processing time because this is only one

tomographic line. If you move uh in real

time on a plethora of adent uh

tomographic lines, you can see

everything everything

and you do it real time like like when

you go to the to the doctor.

>> Yeah.

>> You make a scan of your of your uh

>> I don't know whether it's CT scan or MRI

but where they can literally move

through the different I think it's a CT

scan. Yeah. where you can literally move

through the sections in real time, but

it's also like you said, it requires

super high processing power. Yes. And

this is just the initial

>> possible to do it.

>> Of course. Yeah.

>> This is 1.0. You can you can move also,

>> right? That's what I was going to say,

>> but it's not my it's not for me on on my

on my I don't know.

>> I think the the burning question people

have now is what gives if if this is

just one tomographic scan, you have to

wait 16 days. Is that the same method

outside of the angle of incidence that

you used for detecting the substructures

below the comp?

>> The same method. It's the same method.

Absolutely. Yes. And has been improved

in terms of

uh details of the method

>> mainly angle of incidence or anything

else?

>> Uh we have used different incident

incidence angle scanning the the bit of

the earth not it's the same.

>> Okay. and all the the validation that

you've done at Grand Saso Osiris

>> was that with the multiple angles of

incidence and the triangulating it was

yes because the Gasasso

>> it is very high it is nearly 3,000 m 200

2,990

m 93 I think

and there the layover effect is uh

massive

present on the s image. So I had to to

to to let's say order um different

images in order to choose the best one

in my for me the best one maybe other

image could be also better uh in order

to retrive the the laboratory to detract

the the laboratory.

>> So here's another different scan