What's a fecal transplant? You take a

healthy person's poop and you transfer

it into the person who's sick. For

example, a patient of mine took an

antibiotic which wipes out your gut,

which became life-threatening. Our

choices were to remove the colon or to

give her a fecal transplant. And so, I

delivered the fecal transplant to her.

By the next day, the entire infectious

issue got shut down. So, this is a great

example to show how important our gut

microbiome is because 60% of the weight

of your stool is your microbiome.

Really? Yes. but it's not getting enough

attention and we need to talk about

that.

>> Worldrenowned gastroenterenterologist

Dr. Will Bolich is back.

>> This time he's sharing brand new

information regarding the gut microbiome

>> and how poo might actually be the key to

your health.

>> 60% of people that listen are currently

struggling with some kind of gut problem

and it manifests in these subtle ways

like bloating, increased fatigue,

difficulty concentrating, you don't

sleep well at night, skin issues. So it

flies under the radar but ultimately

leads to other health related problems

afterwards.

>> So I've got so many questions.

>> Totally.

>> What's the cause of bloating?

>> So constipation is the number one cause.

But people who are bloated, please don't

sip through straws, drink carbonated

drinks, chew on gum, because you just

make it worse.

>> Next. Are there decisions that you make

as a parent that will have a lasting

impact on a kid's gut function?

>> Yeah. By 3 years of age, you are

basically fully adult-sized in terms of

your microbiome. But antibiotics, bottle

feeding, and birth by cescareian section

are associated with an impact on the

microbiome, such as an increased risk of

allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic

diseases. And I'll explain why.

>> And then, can I repair the gut?

>> Yeah, 100%. And every 3 to 5 days, you

build a new gut barrier. And so, I've

identified four things missing in our

diet, as well as a daily routine that

can optimize our microbiome. And when

you do these, you will thrive and you

will live longer and you will have less

disease. And I'm going to take you

through all of these steps right now.

>> I see messages all the time in the

comments section that some of you didn't

realize you didn't subscribe. So, if you

could do me a favor and double check if

you're a subscriber to this channel,

that would be tremendously appreciated.

It's the simple, it's the free thing

that anybody that watches this show

frequently can do to help us here to

keep everything going in this show in

the trajectory it's on. So please do

double check if you've subscribed and uh

thank you so much because in a strange

way you are you're part of our history

and you're on this journey with us and I

appreciate you for that. So yeah thank

you

Dr. Will. Before we started the

recording I asked you about this new

book that you've written and the way

that you spoke about it was incredibly

passionate.

Why? I I sincerely believe that if

people take the advice that's in this

book and they actually follow it, which

is the hardest part. I'm completely

convinced it will transform your life.

And that's because we all are struggling

with the same problem. We manifest it in

different ways, but there's this common

issue which is inflammation.

And it's the health story of our time.

It's not getting enough attention. And

this book is not only about shining the

light on that. It's about providing

people with the evidence-based tools

that they need in order to be successful

and to live an anti-inflammatory life.

And when you do that, you will thrive

and you will live longer and you will

have less disease.

>> Can you explain inflammation to me like

I'm a 10-year-old?

>> Steve, you have an immune system that

protects your body. Mhm.

>> And inflammation is when we turn that

immune system on and we make it active.

And sometimes that's a good thing,

right? If you had a if you had a tummy

bug, you want to clear that infection,

right? If you hurt yourself, you want to

heal that wound. That's when your immune

system is really good. It's working for

you. But the problem that we have these

days is that we're turning on the immune

system when we don't need to. And it's

staying on 24 hours a day, seven days a

week.

And that ultimately creates problems

because it leads to new issues, new

health conditions.

>> The word inflammation sounds like

something has inflated or become

swollen.

>> Yeah.

>> Well, that is a part of the process. For

example, if you hurt your knee, right,

there there will be inflammation in your

knee and it will get red, it will get

swollen, it will become tender and like

those are the typical characteristics of

inflammation when it arrives. But what

we're talking about is chronic low-grade

inflammation. And this is a tricky thing

because it can fly below the radar. It

can fly below the radar where you don't

realize that it's there. Your doctor may

not realize that it's there. And it's

and it manifests in these subtle ways

where it's like you have increased

fatigue. You have difficulty

concentrating. You don't sleep well at

night. You wake up with aches and pains

or you have joints that hurt a little

bit or you've had skin issues, right?

And it's like, well, we all have those

problems, but that's inflammation.

Inflammation is driving many of those

issues. And so, it's important for

people to be aware that, you know, you

may like these. There's so many patients

that go to their doctor complaining of

these symptoms. And the doctor's kind of

not really sure what to do about that.

And I think it's time for us to like

open our mind and bring awareness to the

possibility that there is this issue

inflammation that's driving that

problem, the symptoms, the health

conditions of which there are many. And

ultimately, we need a plan to address

that.

>> And is can you be like skinny and in

shape and still have inflammation?

>> 100%.

>> So it's not just a a weight thing. No,

it's not just a weight thing because if

you if you think about, you know, people

who are competitive bodybuilders, they

look amazing on the outside and they're

falling apart on the inside. And these

people often suffer with digestive

health problems. I know because they

reach out to me, including many people

that are wellknown who look incredible

and they're suffering with gut issues

and then ultimately they're at risk for

other health related problems

afterwards. So on this point of

inflammation is when your immune system

kind of stays on. Why does it stay on

and uh I mean how do I turn it off?

>> Well, we we have to start with uh

acknowledging that the reason why this

causes problems is that it let's like

sort of use an analogy of the immune

system is your small army and they're

there to defend you. And when we

activate the army and they're actually

going to war, you have to expect that

there's going to be damage to the

surrounding areas,

>> right? Like if people if if there's a

war occurring, of course there's

decimation and damage that occurs and

it's brutal. And the problem is that if

we're activating the immune system, the

the areas that are surrounding it,

that's your body, right? And the

decimation and destruction that's

occurring is within your own tissues,

within your organs. As I was researching

this book, I I I actually took three

years to understand this topic. And what

I discovered is a connection between

your immune system and your gut that is

undeniable.

And that connection becomes the powerful

fa factor that allows you to understand

why it happens and how we can fix it. We

have uh our gut microbiome and there are

38 trillion microbes that live inside of

our large intestine

and they include bacteria and yeasts and

and archa which are these things that

have been on the planet for 4 billion

years and possibly parasites. And so in

this entire community of microorganisms,

they're there with a purpose and that is

to support you and your physiology. One

of their key jobs is actually to uh

basically feed the gut barrier that

lines your entire intestines.

>> Do you want to show me on using this?

>> Sure.

>> Is this a the right part of the body?

>> So now the large intestine

um is the home to your microbiome. So

these 38 trillion microbes this is their

this is their residence. This is their

domain where they live. Now this entire

system which is like on the order of 20

or 25 feet so like something on the

range of 6 to 8 mters

it's coated with a single layer of cells

which we call the epithelial layer and

that is your gut barrier and it's a

quite fascinating part of your body

because this is like the castle wall and

keeps the bad stuff out but

simultaneously needs to allow the good

stuff in and These cells they turn over

every 3 to 5 days. So it's a beautiful

thing actually because every 3 to 5 days

you have an opportunity to create a

brand new gut barrier. So within the

system the microbes that live inside

your colon their job is to basically

repair and restore the gut barrier. And

when the gut barrier is intact

it's going to do its job of protecting

the immune system.

And when the gut barrier starts to break

down, then things can sneak across

which we would refer to as increased

intestinal permeability, but the common

language is leaky gut. The immune system

will see and recognize things that

aren't supposed to be there. And so the

immune system then steps up and wants to

take it out. And that basically means it

needs to get activated and attack.

And that is inflammation.

So the breakdown of these three systems

that start with the microbes, microbes

are actually your first layer of defense

and then leading to the breakdown of the

gut barrier is what ultimately activates

the immune system when we have things

that are sneaking across that are not

supposed to be there. the reverse can

also be true. And that to me is where

the exciting opportunity exists is that

if you can heal the gut microbes, then

the gut microbes can get back to work

and do their job of repairing and

restoring the gut barrier. And when you

create a strong gut barrier, then

basically you're protecting the immune

system. And then what you see actually

is the immune system cools off and it

becomes more tactical and capable of

doing its job.

>> Okay? And when we're eating lots of bad

stuff and you know many of the things

we're going to talk about today are

causing a breakdown in those microbes

which is causing the gut barrier to

worsen which is causing the immune

system to kick in which is causing the

inflammation and the inflammation is

therefore causing our cells to be

damaged. What's the immune system

overfunctioning causing?

Like you you're talking about the army

analogy where there's an army and

they're at war and some of them are

damaging the surroundings.

>> How is it damaging my surroundings? My

immune system being on all the time.

Well, so what ends up happening is it

sets off this sort of chain reaction

which can have an effect throughout your

entire body where the immune cells, it's

not just a couple of immune cells, they

start to basically send out signals and

these signals we call them cytoines. So

you can measure those cytoines and those

are basically communication tools that

the immune cells are using with each

other to basically call for help. So and

as they get revved up these cytoines

start to go out and then this leads to a

cascade of even more immune cells

releasing even more cytoines. And so and

then kick off this wave and this is what

ultimately you can feel throughout your

entire body. um and it and it has these

consequences of basically causing damage

to these individual tissues. So it

depends on which tissue we're referring

to. Inflammation in the liver we would

call hepatitis, right? But at the same

time we have overwhelming evidence at

this point that inflammation in the

brain which we call neuroinflammation

has been associated with mood disorders.

So like major depression inflammation in

the brain has been associated with

cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's

disease, Parkinson's disease. So, and

it's not to claim it's not to claim that

all disease

literally is related or caused by the

gut microbiome. That's not the call.

It's more so to say that we need to

understand that our immune system is so

powerfully connected to our microbiome

that you cannot separate the two. And

there's evidence to suggest that we can

we can manipulate. So whether it be

antibiotics which decimate the gut or

the alternative the the opposite would

be a fecal transplant which rapidly

reinvigorates the gut and restores that

gut architecture and ecosystem.

>> What's a fecal transplant?

>> So fecal transplant is where you take a

healthy person's poop and you transfer

it into the person who's sick.

>> And where are they administering it?

>> The way that I've always done the fecal

transplant because I've done many

throughout my career is during a

colonoscopy.

So if in theory

>> colonoscopy what's a colonoscopy?

>> Yeah. So colonoscopy is is a medical

procedure where typically you would be

asleep and while you're asleep I take a

long flexible tube that is about the

size of my index finger and I can pass

that with control

all the way through the entirety of your

large intestine which is about five or

six feet long. And I can actually dip

into the last part of the small

intestine which we call the terminal

illium which is down here in the right

the right lower part of the abdomen.

You're administering the fecal

transplant because they they have this

vicious infection called CDEF

and and again those infections this

infection can be life-threatening. And

you're administering the fecal

transplant because the antibiotics are

not working. So you need an alternative

where the idea and goal is to restore

balance within the gut ecosystem.

>> Yeah. You're putting good bacteria in,

not taking bad bacteria. Yeah.

>> Not taking all bacteria out, I guess.

>> So you put and you put the good bacteria

in and when this happens, you're

actually all at once reinstalling

potentially hundreds of species

in balance in the right amounts. So,

it's like an entire ecosystem

transplant. It would be like us being

like, "Okay, uh here's this forest

that's not doing well. We're going to

take the Amazon and we're going to

transplant it into the space." And now

that we have all these animals that like

do well in the space, the forest is

washing. It's vibrant again. So, going

back to our point about the immune

system, the reason why the immune system

is staying on is because I have damaged

my gut and it's essentially trying to

repair my gut. And so if I live in a

permanent state of a damaged gut because

of what I'm consuming, then I'm going to

live in a permanent state theoretically

of inflammation. The thesis from my

perspective is that the modern world and

the way in which we live is damaging our

gut, damaging our microbiome, and then

we're suffering the consequence of that

which is disruption of our gut barrier

and ultimately the activation of our

immune system in this forever war, which

is chronic great inflammation.

How was cancer associated with this? We

you talked about 130 different diseases

and in your book I think it's around

page 22 you mentioned I think it's

chemotherapy where you're making an

analogy between how chemotherapy kind of

wipes everything out and how a poorly

kept gut is associated with an increase

in cancer likelihoods.

Let's start with this. Your body

produces 3.8 million cells every second.

Your immune system has the

responsibility of identifying where

there's a problem and taking it out. You

can't possibly create 3.8 million new

cells and not have some genetic

abnormality that could turn into cancer.

Right? So, the responsibility of the

immune system is to basically be perfect

every day of your life and remove those

problematic cells before they turn into

something bigger and better.

It's an impossible task. There's an

entire story that's unfolding now in

this conversation about how the gut

microbiome is connected to our immune

system and the way in which we treat

cancer and it's it started really in

melanoma. We have been using sort of

immune manipulations for a very long

time to treat melanoma. But what changed

is they were using these things called

amunotherapy.

To be more specific, immune checkpoint

inhibitors. So it turns out that your

immune cells have like basically a kill

switch. If there was a problem, you

could like flip it off immediately.

And that specific receptor is called

PD1. And the tumors,

they're so nasty because they produce

this protein that basically activates

the kill switch,

>> turns off your immune system,

>> and it turns off your immune system.

So the immune checkpoint inhibitor, the

idea is to basically flip that switch

back on. And by flipping it on, activate

your immune system, which will then wake

up, see this cancer, be like, okay, that

needs to be taken out, and go after it.

If someone received antibiotics before

the immune checkpoint inhibitor, they

didn't do well. So then it raised the

question, maybe this is a microbiome

thing. So they said, okay, well, if

antibiotics do this, what happens if we

move in the opposite direction and

basically act like restore the

microbiome with a fecal transplant? And

what they discovered was incredible

results. There's now multiple studies in

melanoma where they take people and they

give them a fecal transplant from

someone who was a responder

and give it to the person who's about to

go get treated. And that's what they

did. And and with incredible results,

like literally twice as many people were

beating cancer relative to the

expectation. The fascinating thing about

that is that it's not just a cancer

story. There's research now in

Parkinson's disease. So Parkinson's

disease is a neurocognitive disorder. So

that means basically it's a it's a brain

condition.

>> Mhm.

>> Well, it turns out

that Parkinson's

probably starts in the gut and this is

actually a disorder of the gut brain

connection because both parts are

involved. It's not just the brain

condition. The brain condition is

actually

the more severe part. So

for the people who are listening at

home, we have a model out and I have

just lifted their skull like uh Hannibal

Lectar and exposed their brain tissue.

And what we want to talk about is the

brain gut connection, the connections

between the brain and their intestines.

And so we have classically thought of

Parkinson's disease as being a brain a

brain health problem. But I'm here to

tell you that this problem begins down

here in the gut and involves the

connections between the two because

every single person that I've ever seen

with Parkinson's disease, they're

constipated.

All of them.

And what's interesting is that they've

now shown that the constipation

comes before the Parkinson's disease. So

now this doesn't mean for people who are

constipated, there's a lot of you out

there. This doesn't mean that if you're

constipated, you're going to develop

Parkinson's disease. There's a very

small percentage of people, but it's

important to understand that the the

manifestations of this health condition

actually start in the digestive system

before they actually transfer up to the

brain. And so now in this study, Steve,

what they did is they took these people

who have Parkinson's disease. They gave

them a fecal transplant.

>> They gave them a poo transplant.

>> They gave them a poo transplant. And

what they found was a year later

they had a durable continued benefit in

terms of their movement issues.

There are now other studies with

Parkinson's disease that are showing

benefit both for the brain and the

symptoms of Parkinson's disease, but

also for the gut in terms of that

constipation that I was talking about. I

mean, it begs the question, these poo

transplants sound great.

>> Can the average person go and get one?

>> I think we need to talk about that.

>> Yeah, we need to talk about that because

there was a Netflix special where they

made it sound like uh you should just do

it at home. Do not do that. Please do

not do that. So, number one, we need to

study and adequately understand what the

risks are. The the fecal transplant

makes it sound like this is like the

quick easy thing that you do and you fix

your entire life, but that's not the

same as rebuilding your microbiome using

the lifestyle and diet tools that

actually are going to give you the

meaningful health impact that you're

searching for

>> over the long term.

>> Over the long term, a huge percentage of

the population struggle with gut

problems. We asked the D of aio audience

and uh roughly it was over 60% of people

that listen said that they're currently

struggling with some kind of gut problem

whether it's bloating or some kind of

discomfort or just digestion issues

generally.

Now that's 61% of people responding to

those three words bloating, discomfort,

irregular digestion. Then about 15% of

people said that they have IBS. Like 14

15% of people said self diagnose that

they think they have irritable bowel

syndrome.

Am I right in thinking

the causes of what they're saying they

have are wildly different potentially?

Or is it like one or two things? Cuz I'm

trying to figure out how I help those

61% of people that like me have eat

something sometimes and then feel

and then not really sure what it is,

feel a little bit bloated, might feel a

bit gassy, um might have strange

digestion, but not necessarily sure

what's causing it and when. Yeah, I mean

this is the same issue that I struggle

with, right? So I I I write a book with

the goal of trying to help as many

people as possible knowing that you

can't there's no one-sizefits-all,

right? So ultimately it's about

empowering people with the right

information and helping them to

identify. I literally wrote about this

in my author's note right in the front

of the book, which is basically to say

you're all going to read the same book,

but the way in which this book touches

you is going to be unique to you.

There's going to be something in there

that you're going to find that you're

like, that's my moment. That's my aha

moment, right? And for many people, like

just looking statistically, looking at

the average American diet, there's a

huge opportunity when it comes to diet.

And that is where I put a lot of energy

and attention because I just I know what

the stats say. So, I know America needs

this. But at the same time, there's a

conversation that gets into other topics

that look, the way that we live is

different than the way that our

grandparents grew up when they were

kids.

>> Mhm. To me, it's more about like helping

people to see like what is that one

thing for them. There's some people who

are going to be listening to this that

it's not their diet, it's not sleep,

it's not circadian rhythm, it's trauma.

And I think that these are things that

need to like we need to shine a light on

that. We'll do all of that. On this

point about bloating, discomfort,

irregular digestion, if I have one of

those things, does that theoretically

mean that something is not right?

>> Everyone gets bloated once in a while.

So, I think I think it would be unfair

to make it sound like you should never

have any adverse symptoms at all.

>> Right.

>> But if it's prolonged,

>> but if it's prolonged, if it's a chronic

health issue, if you're the type of

person who you wake up in the morning

and you say, "I hope today is going to

be a good day. I hope I don't have to

deal with that specific issue." You you

have a problem like we already know. And

then we have to work on that to address

that issue. And how we go about that, I

think needs to be on some level

personalized.

But the tools that are at our disposal

remain the same. So it's just a matter

of like let's put it on the table. Here

are your choices. You pick which ones

are most applicable to you. Where are

the opportunities for you? And I I can't

tell you that without knowing more about

you.

>> What about this issue of people getting

gassy like farting a lot?

>> Yeah.

>> Is that typically associated with one

particular gut issue or is that again

could that be a plethora of issues?

>> So it could be it could be a plethora of

issues. This is this is a common

problem. If I have to like start with

what is my number one thing, it's

constipation for sure. 100%. There are

so many people who are listening right

now that are constipated and they don't

even know it because they poop every day

and they think that how often they poop

is the definition. And that's not true.

So constipation is what happens when

you're not adequately emptying your

bowels.

And that could be a frequency problem,

but it could also be that it's a partial

poop.

>> Oh, okay. Cuz I thought constipation was

if you just haven't been you can't go

you go to the toilet and nothing comes

out.

>> Look, don't get me wrong. If you if you

don't poop for a week, I know you're

constipated. I don't need to ask any

more questions. If you go a week, but if

it's there are people who they poop

every other day. That's their normal.

They feel fine. They don't have any gut

symptoms. They don't have a constipation

problem. We're okay.

>> Right? Right. So frequency is not the be

all and end all.

>> It's part of the it's part of the

equation, right? But there's also people

who they poop and I I want to sort of

paint the picture and forgive me like I

feel very comfortable talking about

poop. This is what I've done for a

living.

>> But they they go to the bathroom in the

morning. They struggle.

It's not satisfying. They had to work

really hard to get a little nugget to

come out. And then they feel like they

still have to go.

and maybe 45 minutes later they poop

again. Okay, that's not a new poop.

You're doing partial poops. You're

probably doing a 20 or 25% poop. So, you

could poop three, four times during the

day. You might not still be fully

emptying your bowels, right? And so that

so that's an example of a person who can

actually be struggling with bloating and

constipation and not think because

they're like, "Doc, I'm pooping three

times a day."

>> Where is the gas coming from in that?

Why why do people you eat something and

then you fart a lot? What's going on?

>> So gas so gas travels with poop. Um uh

you may I don't mean you specifically,

Steve, people listening may notice this

that you wake up in the morning and

you're farting like crazy. And that

farting continues until you actually

have your morning bowel movement. And

then once you have your good, healthy

morning bowel movement, you feel solid

and you're not farting anymore, right?

the gas travels with the poop. So, and

the reason why this happens is because

first of all, your poop is not just the

leftover remains of your food. Actually,

your poop is predominantly your

microbiome.

60% of the weight of your stool is

microbial.

>> Really?

>> Yes.

>> When you say microbial, you mean like

the bacteria?

>> The bacteria.

>> 60% of it.

>> Let me give you an example. If I took

your drink and I added some soluble

fiber, which is prebiotic, into your

drink.

>> Yeah.

>> There's no grit, there's no roughage,

you don't even know it's there. And

you're going to have a bigger, healthier

bowel movement tomorrow as a result of

what I just did. Why? Because I fed your

microbes and they grow stronger and then

they multiply. And because they

multiplied, you have a bigger bowel

movement,

>> right? That's the way that that works.

Now, don't get me wrong. You eat, you

know, a salad, you're going to end up

with a bigger bowel movement as well,

but a big part of that is the fiber

within that salad that's feeding these

microbes. They multiply, they grow, and

you have a big bowel movement.

>> So, if that was my if that was my my

store, my poop, I'm holding a chocolate

bar here. 60% of that would be the

microbes.

>> 60% of that would be the microbes. Yes.

So for that person when the poop is in

gridlock and it's not moving through

then those microbes are basically

sitting there with unlimited time to

ferment

and produce gas.

>> Okay?

>> So anything they come into contact with,

they're just going to start working on

it. So and it's not just like a fiber

thing. Anything they come into contact

with, it could be protein, they will

ferment it. They will produce gas. So,

this is a big part of the reason why

constipation is so strongly associated

with gas and bloating.

>> When people eat dairy and things like

that, and I think some people that have

gluten, they they often tend to get a

little bit gassy.

>> Yeah.

>> Is that constipation?

>> Gas and bloating is not just a

constipation issue. I would argue that

constipation is the number one cause of

that particular issue, but there's many

potential causes. Number one could be

motility. That's constipation.

>> What's motility?

>> Motility is the way in which your

intestines move. So if the intestines

move too fast and out of rhythm, you get

diarrhea. If the intestines slow down

too much, sluggish, you get

constipation. We want the intestines in

a rhythm because when they're in a

rhythm, just like your heart, that's

when they perform their best. So in a

rhythm basically means predictable,

consistent daily bowel movements. That's

ultimately where we would love to be,

right? And that in a way taps into like

an entire circadian conversation that we

can have later. This is a part of your

circadian rhythm is a fantastic morning

bowel movement. Motility is just one of

the causes of gas and bloating. The

second is the microbiome. If you have a

microbiome that's damaged and

struggling, it's not going to be able to

do its job the way it's supposed to. And

part of its job is processing and

breaking down fiber. Because the fiber

in our diet, we don't have the enzymes

to digest it. So, it works its way

through the intestines, comes into

contact with the microbes, and the

microbes, they have literally 60,000

enzymes that we don't have as humans.

They go to work as teams. Fiber stops

being fiber, produces short- chain fatty

acids. This is the way that it's

supposed to work.

When your gut is not happy, they're

weak. the microbes are weak and you're

asking them to do work and they can't

handle that and you end up with sloppy

digestion and that's gas and bloating.

The third thing can be your diet. So you

just mentioned dairy which contains

lactose. Lactose can be easily fermented

to produce gas.

You mentioned gluten.

Gluten itself is a protein. So can

gluten technically be fermented? Yes, it

could be technically fermented, but

that's not really the that's not really

what's going on. What's happening is

that gluten containing foods, which are

wheat, barley, and rye,

also contain these carbohydrates called

fruans.

And fruans are actually really good for

our microbes. They're prebiotic.

But if you consume a very large amount

of them and you're not used to eating

these foods,

it can cause gas and bloating. these

days. When I was younger, if I had uh if

I had pasta, I was fine. If I have pasta

these days, I'm going to feel it for the

next like two two days.

>> Really?

>> Yeah. I don't know. And I don't even

know what's going on. But then other

people can eat pasta as much as they

want, it seems.

>> Out of curiosity, can you go to Italy

and eat pasta and be okay or no? Same

thing.

>> I haven't really not really tried. Um,

>> anecdotally, I think when I remove when

I have like nongluten

bread or non-gluten pasta, I I think I'm

I feel much better. But I but I'm well

aware from speaking to people like

yourself that such a small percentage of

the population is actually gluten

intolerant, but we all kind of think we

are to some degree. I think it's was

what's the the numbers? Is it like 20%

of people think they are or something?

So, like here in Los Angeles, it's um

like probably 80% of people

>> think that

>> well like almost everyone's gluten-free.

Yeah. Right.

>> Which

>> they don't need to be. And and actually

it can cause problems. It can it can

cause problems to be gluten-free unless

you know what adaptations to make.

>> So, what are you when you ask that

question about Italy, what are you

getting at? There's a processing issue

in the United States involving wheat,

which is that they allow the wheat to be

sprayed with glyphosate,

which is Roundup. It's a weed killer.

And you they do that to basically dry it

out as quickly as possible. So, imagine

for a moment that you're a farmer, and

you have this this field of wheat. You

harvest it. Okay, here are your choices,

Steve. You can wait a couple weeks and

let it dry out naturally in the air and

and store it somewhere or you can spray

it with this chemical and it will be dry

by tomorrow and then you can chip it up.

>> Yeah.

>> Right. And the problem is that

glyphosate is not on the label. You

would never know whether it's sprayed or

not sprayed unless you're buying

organic. If you buy organic, then by

definition they're not allowed to spray

it.

You would never know if it's there. The

the the thing about glyphosate is that

it's been approved

to exist in our food system under the

assumption of safety

because what it does is it shuts down

this thing called the Schikim pathway

and that kills weeds or it kills plants

and we have a workaround and it has to

do with basically amino acids. We have a

workaround where we can basically create

those amino acids as humans,

but the plants can't. So the plants die,

we live. But there's a problem, which is

that the microbes

that live inside of our large intestine,

they don't have the workaround.

So that microscopic amount of

glyphosate, you would say, well, us big

humans, that's so small. Yeah. But what

do you think happens when it comes into

contact with them?

We know that glyphosate disrupts the

microbiome,

that it depletes the beneficial

bacteria,

and the ones that tolerate it the best

are the inflammatory ones,

>> the bad bacteria.

>> The bad bacteria. So, you're shifting

the balance. And this is this is a small

thing, but I hear from people, Steve,

that go to Italy, they say, "I can't eat

wheat in the United States." And then

they go to Italy and they're fine. And

you think it's that glyphosate.

>> Yeah. They don't do that there.

>> So if I tried I'll try organic pasta

tonight

and maybe that'll be better.

>> Yes. And then like the alternative

choice is how do you do with bread? Are

you okay?

>> Uh not all bread. My my generally I stay

away from bread.

>> Okay. Do you ever eat sourdough?

>> Yeah.

>> Do you do okay with sourdough?

>> Yeah.

>> There we go. So here's here's the second

part of this equation. Put the

glyphosate. Put that to the side for a

moment. Let's talk about the fruans that

we were talking about a moment ago.

>> When you ferment your uh your wheat,

when you ferment your dough, you

actually reduce the frucan content.

>> What's fru?

>> So these are the the longchain

carbohydrates

that exist in wheat, barley, and rice.

So if it contains gluten, it also

contains these fruans. Like gluten is

not the only thing in wheat, right? And

these fruans, again, they're good for

you. They're good for your microbiome.

But people who have a slightly damaged

gut, they struggle to process and digest

them. So this would explain why some

people they eat they eat, you know,

wheat containing, gluten containing

foods and they struggle, but they do

okay with sourdough because if you

ferment the the bread, it takes it

reduces the frucine content and actually

then you can tolerate it.

>> Oh, okay. So you think it might be the

fruine in the bread that I have an issue

with and sourdough doesn't have fruine

in it. Yeah, there was there was a study

that was in gastronurology a few years

ago. G gastronurology is the top journal

in my field where basically they they

sent people home with a bunch of

breakfast bars. All right, not

chocolate, but nonetheless, they sent

people home with a bunch of breakfast

bars, three of them. One of them was a

placebo bar, so they didn't add anything

special. One of them contained a very

large concentration of gluten

and then the third one contained the

frucans.

And the placebo is our standard. We're

going to compare to that. When people

ate the gluten containing bar, and these

were, by the way, people that um they

did not have celiac disease, they did

have gluten problems according to them,

right? So like this is like the 20% of

people that you mentioned a moment ago

who think they might have a gluten

problem. When they ate the gluten

containing bar,

they actually had less symptoms

than the placebo.

So in other words, the gluten is not the

problem.

But when they ate the fruc containing

bar,

they were triggered.

So basically what this said is that we

have been taking this concept of gluten

intolerance and we've we've misnamed it.

It's not a gluten intolerance, it's a

fruine intolerance. These are people who

are tending to struggle with these

particular parts of that food. What

foods contain fruine? So, uh, wheat,

barley, and rye,

>> okay?

>> And different there's there's many

different types of fruans, by the way.

So, you may not react to all of them.

You may react to just some of them,

>> but like garlic and onions are also

classic. So, you hear people who are

like, I can't eat garlic. I feel it's

horrible. Right? That's a that can be a

fru issue. Te, amaranth, sorghum,

um, quinoa. These are these are whole

grains that don't contain gluten and

they also don't contain frucans.

>> How long does it take to repair the gut

when you have done damage to it? That's

a very broad question intentionally, but

generally for the average person who's

done who sort of irritated their gut,

how long does it take to restore and for

those microbes to go back? It really

depends. You have to start with, okay,

what's your starting point, right? Like

how deep is the damage? How bad is it?

Because for the people who have

ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease,

those are forms of inflammatory bowel

disease.

Those people have the deepest dis

dispiosis. Dispiosis is the word that we

use for a damaged gut. Is it possible to

reverse that?

>> Um, it's possible to put them into

remission

so deeply that they don't have a flare.

>> Is that what the flare looks like on

this little model that I have in front

of me?

>> Yes. So, so going back for the people

who are listening and not on YouTube,

you can flip over to YouTube if you're

interested. But what I'm showing here is

the model of the large intestine. And

the model includes a little area that it

looks raw,

>> ulcerated, it's bleeding. It if you if

you were to bump up against it, it's

going to start to you'll start to see

blood coming out. So, it's like a it's a

very vulnerable sensitive uh area. Now,

these inflammatory bowel diseases,

Steve, I have an interesting study on

this topic. They are to me the classic

gut inflammatory health condition.

And what's happening is the immune

system is attacking the microbiome.

So technically, it's not actually

autoimmune

because autoimmune would be you're

attacking your own body. The immune

system is not attacking your intestines.

The immune system is attacking your

microbiome and rejecting it.

And because that's happening, your

intestines are stuck in the middle.

>> So this here is the immune system

attacking the microbiome. It's attacking

the microbiome which is in the tube of

the large intestine and the immune

system is trying to get at it and kill

it.

>> Why?

>> And because it's decided that it's the

enemy. So the immune system is confused

because when we're born,

we don't have much of a microbiome at

birth. It's the closest that we will get

to not really having anything. And then

during the first three years of life,

you build your microbiome through your

life experience. And by three years of

age, you are basically fully adult-sized

in terms of your microbiome. During this

time, your immune system is learning

from and with those microbes. So,

there's this interplay between the two

that is undeniable

where when the microbiome is healthy

during childhood, during those first

three years, it results in a healthier

immune system.

>> So, what's going on here? The immune

system is supposed to acknowledge your

microbiome as being friendly and it does

not. It decides that your microbiome is

the enemy and so it's taking it out. So

what what what do you think is for

someone that has like irritable bowel

syndrome or Crohn's disease and they or

they you know they have one of these big

sort of ulcers in their small or large

intestine. Is it because of their

lifestyle typically a lifestyle change

or

>> or is it lots of things? What's the

number one perpetrator?

>> Okay. There's clearly a genetic

component.

>> Okay.

>> Okay. So, we have to we have to be

upfront about that. Like these are these

are things that are not necessarily

within a person's control entirely

>> because I mean there's no evolutionary

reason why this would happen.

>> Like there's no evolutionary reason why

you'd have severe gut digestion

problems.

>> No, it's not to there's no advantage to

it at all. And and these things that uh

that occur, they were quite rare years

ago. In fact, in third world countries

today, there's not much inflammatory

bowel disease. There's not a lot of

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

in third world countries. If you go to

Africa, there's very little. And what

then what you see though is as countries

industrialize, there's a takeoff and

they start ramping up. So within the

United States over the course of 40

years from 1970 to 2010, ulcerative

colitis and Crohn's disease cases were

increasing by up to 55%.

And you can get that at any age.

>> You can get that at any age. Yeah.

>> So even if I'm healthy right now, I

could do a set of things that would give

me this.

>> Yes. In fact, if you take So back to our

conversation about antibiotics, if you

take antibiotics, your risk of

developing an inflammatory bowel disease

in the next year just doubled.

>> Oh gosh.

>> If you disrupt the gut with antibiotics,

which the antibiotics do, there's

nothing that will basically like

decimate the gut faster. Reducing gut

diversity. disrupting the gut barrier by

50% during a course of antibiotics and

activating the immune system. It really

speaks to that like if you take

antibiotics, these risks of inflammatory

health conditions really start to go up.

We see this in both adults and kids.

>> You had a patient of yours called

Michelle who took antibiotics and had a

life-threatening swelling of her colon.

This is this is the colon, right?

>> Uh

>> show me where the colon is.

>> So the colon is the large intestine.

>> Okay, fine. Yeah. Yeah.

>> And so she took an antibiotic and had a

life-threatening swelling of the of her

large intestine.

>> So she took an antibiotic. She took

clintomy which is a classic skin

antibiotic.

>> Okay.

>> And the problem is that clintomyosin

wipes out your gut like hard.

And when that happens, there's a risk

that this pathogenic like bad bacteria

called CIFF,

if it's in there, it can multiply and

then you get this infection, the C diff

infection that causes inflammation of

the entire colon. So this patient,

Michelle, what happens, I was on call

and I get this text and they say, "You

got to come to this room right now. This

patient is sick." And she had just been

transferred in from an outside hospital.

So, I was in the middle of typing up a

consultation. Drop that, run through the

hospital, walk into the room. She's

clutch clutching her belly and she's

moaning and groaning and she has no clue

where she is. She's sweaty. She's pale.

Her vital signs are completely out of

whack. Her heart is racing. She's

breathing really fast. And um and I did

a little test which is that I gently

bumped her bed just like that. And if a

person has severe inflammation of their

intestines,

they will jump if you do that because

they have peritonitis,

right? Or you could call it an acute

abdomen.

So just by bumping the bed like that was

ENOUGH FOR HER TO AND SHE'S SCREAMING,

RIGHT? And clutching her belly and she

has no clue where she is or what is

going on. She's completely delirious.

Uh she was maxed out on antibiotics.

Our choices were to rush her to surgery,

remove the colon, or alternatively to

give her a fecal transplant and give her

a shot at keeping her colon.

So, I take her down to the operating

room and I actually um used a I mean, I

won't bore you with the details, but I

used a special technique that's atypical

for what I would normally do because the

inflammation was so severe to pass a

scope.

So, this scope that I used was a smaller

scope to be more gentle.

>> A scope being a tube.

>> A scope is a tube. And I mentioned that

if you get a colonoscopy, it's the size

of my index finger. So that's like

probably about a centimeter across. But

I I instead went with a smaller scope

that's more like 5 millime 6 millimeters

across. It's more gentle and it just

makes it harder to do. But I I basically

passed the scope through her rectum and

all the way through her intestines to

get it over here on the right side. So

that's basically like I have now passed

all the way through her large intestine.

And in that location, I delivered the

fecal transplant to her.

And so the amazing thing is that number

one, that procedure went really well.

By the next day, she was a normal human

being. She was laying in bed. She was

able to have a conversation.

And after 2 days, she was so normal that

we were able to send her home.

So the entire

severe infectious issue that she was

facing

got shut down and corrected by restoring

her microbiome. And then when you

restore the microbiome, the C diff

basically gets suppressed and the immune

system falls back into balance. The

inflammation washed away.

>> So do you have like a like a fridge full

of these fecal matters that you can just

tap into when when you need it? No, but

there is a company in in Massachusetts

that does.

>> Um, and so and that's what most

hospitals use is they'll basically have

this sent in. But it's actually kind of

interesting because there's there's new

development in this space where for the

first time drug companies are actually

identifying how to manipulate the

microbiome using things that are not

actually a fecal transplant but sort of

derived from the idea. M

>> now what they're developing is a way to

rebuild the gut and protect it during

this period of vulnerability. So that's

the new thing that's coming.

>> You must hear about so many different

types of diets and juice cleanses and

whatever else that influencers and

podcasters promote

that you absolutely hate because you

have a deeper understanding of the

consequences on the gut. What are some

of the biggest diets or I don't know

these sort of trends that you absolutely

despise because they are misinforming

people about how to create a healthy

gut?

>> Well, I think the thing from my

perspective is that um uh trends

fluctuate hard.

>> Yeah.

>> Right. In 2020, it was like the vegan

diet was in.

>> In 2023, it was the carnivore diet. You

couldn't have more diametrically opposed

diets.

>> Yeah.

>> Right. And and so the problem is that to

the person who's at home and they're

trying to get this figured out, it's

very easy to get sucked into whatever

the trend is because that's what you're

hearing about when you open up your

social media, right? Whereas as I sit

here, the science has not changed that

dramatically in the last 5 years. We are

working on this, but these are small

fluctuations in terms of our

understanding of things. It's not a

radical. We don't whiplash like that,

>> right? So nor has your biology. you have

the same biology five years ago. So this

entire concept of like whipping people

over the place is total from my

perspective. I want to start by saying

that any person who has the audacity to

change their diet in the interest of

their health,

like I actually I actually think that's

incredible and it doesn't matter what

your choice is because you're just

trying to figure it out. And ultimately

I just want people to be better. But the

problem is that there's a lot of dietary

advice that's insane and it comes on

both sides, Steve. So, absolutely, I

don't believe that a 100% meat or organ

diet is imbalance or the optimal

solution for longevity.

But on the flip side, like a fruit only

diet, I would never support or recommend

either. That's completely insane. What

are we doing? So I think that like these

highly the more restrictive that you get

the more that I think you're drifting

away from what is quite simple which is

whole food in balance.

>> What about these like juice diets and

stuff like that? People do people do

like a 7-day juice diet or water diet or

whatever.

>> So you will you will often feel better

if you have gut issues and you take away

the stuff that's irritating your gut.

And so simplifying your diet and doing

something like that, you can make

yourself feel better on a temporary

basis and think that you did something,

generally speaking, that's not really

doing much of anything at all.

>> How long does it take to both kill and

then create new new gut microbes?

>> Well, so the beauty of it is that your

gut is very forgiving. So the choices

that you make today will be reflected in

your microbiome by tomorrow. The beauty

of it is that these microbes like their

superpower

is that they are able to procreate so

fast.

>> Procreate meaning making babies. So they

can make they can create new generations

like estimates are potentially as quick

as 20 minutes. And so we can use that to

our advantage because if we actually

support them with what they need, change

can come real quick. And you know, I get

back to every 3 to 5 days.

You build a new gut barrier.

So, there's an amazing opportunity that

we have to actually see some quick

health effects. Are there any big sort

of health myths or diet myths that

you're concerned about that people are

currently following or believe in

particular? Is there anything you look

out into the world and think, "Oh god,

that's going to be awful for the gut."

Oh gosh. It's not something that I pay a

ton of attention to because I'm not on

TikTok to be honest with you.

>> So, um it's I find it interesting that

actually like Tik Tok some of the trends

that have come more recently are

actually on point.

>> So, which feels great because I love it

when like people are getting excited

about stuff that's good. The like the

fiber maxing trend.

>> I'm not hiding about them. So fiber

maxing, it feels like

after not really talking about fiber for

a really long time, people are starting

to come around to the benefits that come

from fiber.

And this was really exemplified on Tik

Tok with this fiber maxing trend where

people are basically trying to increase

their fiber profoundly.

So the issue though is that you have to

ease your body into it. So, I think the

idea is the right idea of where people

are trying to go, but the execution, I

just want people to do it in a way where

they feel okay. Cuz if they don't feel

well, they're going to bail and then

they're going to think, well, fiber is

not for me.

>> And what was this trend? It was people

trying to just get above their up and

above their daily recommended dose of

fiber by eating high fiber foods.

>> Yes. And acknowledging that 95% of

people in the United States and 90% of

people in the UK are deficient in fiber

as we sit here right now. And what

complications or implications does that

have for one's gut microbiome?

>> Massive.

>> Because fiber is feeding the good

bacteria.

>> Fiber is the principal food for the good

bacteria. And it is the precursor to

short- chain fatty acids. So the short-

chain fatty acids are what we create

when fiber comes into contact with

microbes. Short chain fatty acids are

the thing we create when fiber comes in

contact with the gut microbiome.

>> Yes.

>> Bacteria. Okay. And the short- chain fat

fatty acids are really good.

>> They're so good. In fact, of all of the

things that I've studi studied and

learned about, these are the most

anti-inflammatory thing that I've ever

come across.

So, there's three of them, three main

ones. Acetate,

propriionate, and butyrate. They all

have their own distinct effects within

the body. They have effects right there

in the gut, on the microbes, on the gut

barrier, on the immune system.

>> And these are produced, these three

things you just named are produced when

fiber comes in contact with the gut

microbiome.

>> Yeah. So, like if you were sterile, if

you didn't have, if you were born

without a microbiome

>> um like you ever hear about Bubble Boy?

>> Oh, yeah. There was a film or TV show,

wasn't there?

>> Yeah. It was like a documentary in the

70s of this kid who was he was born with

this rare genetic immune disorder. And

so his family in order to try to protect

him, they isolated him thinking if if no

bad stuff can get in, then he would be

fine, right? So like he lived in a

sterile bubble. So in theory, if you

were sterile, you would never get the

benefits of these short- chain fatty

acids

>> because you'd never have bacteria.

>> Because you don't have bacteria.

>> Okay?

>> So we have the the opposite of that

problem, which is that we have bacteria,

but we don't feed them. We don't give

them fiber. You can't create something

from nothing. So you have to give them

the fiber in order to allow them to

create the short- chain fatty acids from

it.

>> And these short- chain fatty acut

microbiome in my gut here. I put fiber

in there in the form of what foods are

the best foods for fiber.

>> Okay. So what we have here is an entire

array of choices.

>> And the beauty of it is that there's

only one thing that I can spot on these

two plates that does not contain fiber.

Do you want to guess? I guess that it

is.

>> Okay.

>> You want me to give it to you?

>> It does.

>> Is it the It's not the turmeric, is it?

>> No, but the turmeric probably doesn't

have very much.

>> Okay.

>> No, it's the oil because the issue is

that this is 100% fat. So, you by

definition cannot have any fiber inside

of an oil.

>> Okay. Sorry.

>> It's like sunflower oil, olive oil.

>> So, yeah, whatever whatever type. Now,

it could have polyphenols, like

extravirgin olive oil has polyphenols

that are really good for the microbiome.

>> Extravirgin olive oil is actually

incredibly good for the microbiome, but

it doesn't have fiber. Everything else

has fiber. So, we have all these

different plant-based foods. And the

beauty of it is that it doesn't have to

be complicated. Fruits, vegetables,

whole grains, seeds, nuts, and legumes,

they all have fiber.

>> Meat, anything that's not a plant does

not have fiber. Oh,

>> okay. So, if it grows in the ground, it

has fiber. So if it comes if it comes

from a plant, it has fiber and that

includes, by the way, the mushrooms. So

the mushrooms are technically fungi.

Um, but they share a lot of the same

characteristics that the plant-based

foods do. So there's fiber, there's

polyphenols, all of these things we want

to include in a healthful diet. So if I

eat these high-fiber foods, they go into

my gut, the microbiomes produce this

thing called short- chain fatty acids.

And the short chain fatty acids, they

produce more good bacteria, but also

they help my immune system calm down.

Yes. So, if you think about, let's go

back to the model that we led off with,

which is that there's these three parts

to your immune system or actually your I

should call it your defense system

because your gut microbes are the first

layer of defense, right? That was what

was broken down by the antibiotics and

Michelle.

>> Mhm. The second layer of defense is your

gut barrier, which is the lining of your

gut that protects the immune system.

>> And then the third part is the actual

immune system itself. We don't even want

to have to activate that. We'd rather

the first two parts take care of it for

us. Right? So the beauty of this is that

you eat, you consume these high-fiber

foods. They come into contact with your

microbes right here in the large

intestine. Specifically, the right colon

is the classic spot.

and they they unpack them and they

release the acetate, propriionate and

butyrate.

And those three things impact your

microbes, impact your gut barrier,

impact your immune system. Now, of the

three, my favorite is butyrate because

it's the butyrate that has the biggest

effect on the microbes, on the gut

barrier. like you literally need

butyrate in order to produce the

proteins that hold your uh your gut

lining together. Um and the butyrate has

a direct effect on our immune cells. So

these are again the most

anti-inflammatory thing that I've come

across and part of why we're suffering

with these going back to the original

conversation about these chronic

inflammatory health conditions and you

asked me where do they come from? We

live in an industrial world where 95% of

us at a minimum 90% of us are not

getting even close to the amount of

fiber that we need. And when we compare

this to other places, so there was an

interesting study that came out recently

where they looked at the microbiome of

people in Italy, Singapore, and then

they had native tribal people in the

Bolivian Amazon

and native tribal people in Malaysia. So

two indigenous tribes living a you know

hunter gatherer lifestyle.

against Italy and Singapore.

And what they discovered is that there's

this radical difference in terms of the

diversity of the microbiome. There's a

difference in terms of um their their

ability to produce short- chain fatty

acids.

And there's this question that comes up

about aging because as we age,

inflammation increases.

Is that inevitable?

Are we stuck in a position where like

based upon our age we should just expect

that we're going to have more

inflammatory issues? What they found in

the tribal populations is that actually

that's not true at all. So they were

protected against inflammation

regardless of their age because of their

lifestyle.

But they were living and it's not just

what they eat. It's they they wake up

when the sun comes up. They sleep when

the sun goes down. They're connected to

their tribe. They're not looking at

Instagram. Like there's so much to that

story. The point being though that in

the industrial world like we're not

consuming a sufficient amount of these

types of foods. I guess they're not also

drinking alcohol and vaping.

>> No.

>> Which we, you know, do a lot more in the

Western world.

>> Yeah, we do.

>> What impact does that have on the gut

microbiome? Because I don't typically

hear people talking about alcohol in the

gut microbiome. What we know is that it

definitely affects the gut barrier.

>> I guess total clarity wiping up my my

oral microbiome as well to some degree

if I'm pouring vodka.

>> And it would be the same as it would be

the same as using an alcohol-based

mouthwash,

>> right? Which which now we don't

recommend anymore.

And so yeah, so alcohol, there was a

study actually that changed my mind when

it comes to alcohol. So I actually don't

drink hardly at all anymore. like very

rarely I'll have a glass or two with my

wife if we're on a special dinner. And

in this study they they basically gave

people a significant amount of alcohol

and then they tracked every 30 minutes

the measure of their blood alcohol level

and simultaneously the measure of what's

called lipopolysaccharide.

So it's it comes from the inflammatory

bacteria that live inside of our

microbiome. It's not supposed to be in

your bloodstream.

If it's in your bloodstream, that

generally indicates that your gut

barrier is insufficient and weak because

it's able to get across. And the problem

is that the immune system

has been trained to identify that

lipopolysaccharide

as the enemy and so it gets activated.

So, and this is where inflammation comes

from. So, in this study, they had people

have a number of drinks and they start

tracking every 30 minutes. And what you

saw

was that as the blood alcohol level goes

up

in parallel, the lipopolysaccharide

goes up. When the alcohol peaks, so did

the lipopolyaccharide.

There was this weird thing that

happened. I don't I can't explain why,

but the alcohol level peaked. It started

to come down and then actually bumped

back up. And when that happened, the

lipopolysaccharide followed the exact

same pattern.

And the lipopolysaccharide

did not return to normal until the

alcohol level was zero.

So when I saw this from my perspective,

to be clear, it wasn't a study of one

drink, although we do know that one

drink is sufficient to disrupt your

sleep and cause other health issues. But

when I saw this, I saw enough to say I

don't think there's any amount of

alcohol that's safe. To summarize what's

going on there, the alcohol is coming

into the body. It is impacting the gut

in some way which is making the gut

go into dysfunction and that dysfunction

lasts for a little while cuz I'm trying

to understand why you you looked at that

and thought do you know what absolutely

not I'm not going to drink as much as I

was.

>> Yeah. So basically alcohol was causing

leaky gut.

>> Oh leaky gut. Okay.

>> Yeah. So alcohol was causing leaky gut.

That's what that's what we saw in that

study. And the fact that the amount of

leaky gut was proportional to the amount

of alcohol in the blood and that the

leaky gut did not return to normal until

the alcohol level was zero

says to me that any amount of alcohol

that's detectable in the bloodstream can

create this problem which is going to

cause inflammation which is going to

cause inflammation. We know with total

clarity that people who are heavy

drinkers, their gut is totally destroyed

and that that's actually a requisite

step on the pathway towards developing

cerosis and alcoholic liver disease. So

there are some people who seem to get

away with it where they can be a heavy

drinker and they never actually get

cerosis.

And it

>> cerosis is

>> cerosis is the so the liver sits in your

right upper abdomen and its job is to

detoxify

your bloodstream. And all of the blood

that goes to your gut,

the first place that it goes after your

gut as it returns to the heart is your

liver. And it's actually a smart setup

anatomically because we don't want toxic

blood to get access to the heart and

then circulate and ultimately get back

to the brain. So we allow the liver to

protect and defend it. But the cerosis

what's happening is that basically the

liver which is soft and spongy like

imagine a sponge that you can put it

under a faucet. The water goes in one

end, wiggles its way through, comes out

the other end. Okay? Instead of that,

it's just a piece of plastic, right?

It's hard. It's not letting anything

through. That's what that's what happens

when a person develops cerosis.

>> So, and there's many causes of cerosis.

Cerosis comes from inflammation. So all

serot all cerosis health conditions

ultimately are inflammatory health

conditions. They're all part of the 130

health conditions associated with

inflammation. But in this particular

setting what we're talking about is

alcohol. And what I'm saying is that to

create that inflammation in the liver

based upon the available data it seems

that you have to disrupt the gut

microbiome in order to get there. So

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than the rest. There's a orangey looking

chemical on the uh plate over there.

Turmeric. People talk about turmeric a

lot when they're speaking about

inflammation.

>> Yeah.

>> I'm not really sure what the truth is on

turmeric and inflammation.

>> Yeah.

>> You have to be a little bit careful

because you could easily overdo it.

>> Oh, really? So, well, so we just have to

be smart with the way that we approach

because the turmeric that we're really

talking about is if you were to take it

on a consistent daily basis, which

actually from my perspective makes a ton

of sense for people that have chronic

inflammatory health issues.

>> So, turmeric is helping inflammation go

down somehow.

>> It turmeric is helping inflammation to

go down because it blocks another one of

the cytoines. So, in the same way we're

talking about those walkie-talkies and

basically pulling the batteries out,

>> turmeric helps to accomplish that.

>> So, there's a specific cytoine that that

turmeric has that effect. And so, it's

the you mentioned curcumin. So, curcumin

is the phytochemical

found in turmeric. Turmeric is the root.

>> Okay.

>> Curcumin is the chemical,

>> okay,

>> that actually does the thing. And it

turns out that kurcumin is what we call

a polyphenol. So polyphenols, as we sit

here and we look at this beautiful array

of all these colors,

every single one of these foods contains

polyphenols that define the color

and that impact the gut. Like the onion

here would have keretin and many people

have heard of keretin as being

beneficial for longevity. Same would be

true for the garlic. So there's

different polyphenols for different

colored foods and 95% of them require

our gut microbes in order to be

activated.

So with turmeric, you just need to be

careful with supplements because if you

overdo it, if you take too much, that

could create an issue, though. Here in

front of me, I have a I guess I guess

this is a perfect gut day. Have you seen

this?

>> Yeah.

I wanted you to explain to me step by

step how to have a perfect gut day.

Nice. All right.

So, I'm going to I'm going to define for

people the way that I would approach the

perfect 24-hour rhythm. We have an

innate circadian rhythm. Circadian

rhythm basically means that our body

functions on a 24-hour clock. Why?

Because we evolved with the sun. The sun

goes up and it comes down. And that is

one of the most powerful things that

defines everything that exists both for

us as humans and in our entire

environment. Right? So everything around

us also evolved with the sun and is

connected to it. Around 50% of our genes

are turned off or on at specific times

of day based upon our circadian rhythm.

More than 50% of our microbes rise and

fall during the course of our day to

meet the moment. Our body thrives on

consistency. So, what I want to talk

about is how do we create a consistent

daily routine

that can optimize our microbiome. And

I'm going to take you through all the

different all the different steps. Let's

imagine that the sun comes up and it's 7

in the morning.

>> Yeah.

>> All right. and you naturally wake up and

you are consistent about it, you're off

to a great start. Consistency with the

time that you wake up is a fantastic way

to start your day. And what I want you

to do in the first 5 minutes of your day

is I want you to

initially just focus on um waking up and

thinking about your day and how you're

going to approach it. Because starting

at 7:05,

you're going to wake up your microbes.

You're going to wake up your body with

hydration.

So, we're going to opt for water.

And in a perfect world, I would love to

add a prebiotic fiber supplement to that

water. So, like our company is called 38

Terra. You could add that there or you

can add an alternative.

This is the hydration. The water turns

on your gut,

turns on your brain, turns on your

kidneys.

>> So, not coffee straight away.

>> No. So, pause the coffee.

Start with hydration. And we're waking

up your gut with the water and also with

the prebiotic fiber that's going to feed

those microbes in your gut. Okay. So,

that's at 7:05. And let's pretend that

takes you 10 minutes. And so now it's