HomeVideos

Jared Isaacman: What went wrong at NASA | The All-In Interview

Now Playing

Jared Isaacman: What went wrong at NASA | The All-In Interview

Transcript

1756 segments

0:00

Jared Isaacman was nominated by

0:02

President Trump to become the 15th

0:04

administrator of NASA in December. He

0:06

passed out of the Senate committee in

0:08

May and was set to be confirmed by the

0:09

full Senate this week. However, on

0:12

Friday, President Trump withdrew his

0:14

nomination for Isaacman. We asked Jared

0:16

to sit down with us for a conversation.

0:18

We dive into everything. his experiences

0:21

as a successful entrepreneur, fighter

0:23

jet pilot, commander of the world's

0:25

first all civilian space flight and the

0:27

first civilian to conduct a spacew walk.

0:29

What he saw in his six months studying

0:31

NASA. How American government

0:33

bureaucracy has eroded its performance

0:36

and puts the nation at risk in the great

0:38

space race underway with China. And what

0:41

really happened? Was it a discovery

0:43

about prior donations to Democratic

0:45

candidates or an association with Elon

0:47

Musk that lost him the nomination?

0:49

Here's my conversation with Jared

0:51

Isaacman.

0:53

All right, besties. I think that was

0:55

another epic discussion. People love the

0:58

interviews. I could hear him talk for

0:59

hours. Absolutely. We crushed your

1:01

questions in a minute. We are giving

1:03

people ground truth data to underwrite

1:05

your own opinion. What do you guys

1:06

think? That was fun. That was great.

1:10

Jared, welcome. I, like many space

1:13

enthusiasts, was thrilled for your

1:16

nomination to lead NASA as the 15th

1:18

administrator of the agency. Founded in

1:21

1958, the year after the Russians put

1:24

Sputnik into orbit, NASA's perhaps, in

1:28

my opinion, the US government's most

1:30

pioneering agency, having organized and

1:33

led our exploration missions to the

1:35

moon, Mars, the outer solar system, and

1:38

beyond, as well as the launch of

1:40

important scientific missions to observe

1:42

the Earth, to observe our solar system,

1:43

and the deep universe, and of course,

1:45

the installation and operation of the

1:47

ISS. and you seemed really qualified for

1:50

the job as uh a business manager, a

1:54

successful

1:55

entrepreneur, a flight and space

1:58

enthusiast. So, I'm really curious to

2:01

hear your views on NASA, the space

2:03

industry overall, the race with China,

2:05

and frankly hear a little bit about what

2:07

the heck just happened with your

2:09

nomination. A lot of people have a lot

2:11

of questions that we'd love to hear your

2:13

point of view on. So, I thank you for

2:15

joining me today, Jared. I'm thrilled to

2:18

be here to chat. And as a someone who's

2:20

been a space enthusiast since

2:22

kindergarten, whether it's through the

2:24

lens of commercial space or, you know,

2:26

the great space race from the 1960s or

2:29

NASA today, like these are all subjects

2:31

I get pretty charged up about. So, love

2:32

to chat about what inspired you to get

2:35

into space. You went to Embry Riddle

2:38

Aeronautical

2:39

University and you later became an

2:42

entrepreneur, but were you always kind

2:44

of obsessed with space and did you

2:46

always dream of doing what you got to do

2:48

last year, which is walk in space? Yeah,

2:51

so the this is all my parents fault.

2:53

They um they skimped out on a babysitter

2:55

as a kid and just put me in front of the

2:57

TV. So, uh, I was watching movies like

2:59

Top Gun, uh, The Rights Stuff, um, Space

3:03

Camp, the movie, you know, 1980s movie

3:06

where if you go to Space Camp, a robot's

3:07

going to launch you into space. This was

3:09

all stuff in like my elementary school

3:12

year. So, um, I mean, I told I just

3:13

showed it to my kids last week, by the

3:15

way. So funny that you say that. I I

3:17

pulled up Space Camp. I had to buy it

3:19

because it's not on any of the streaming

3:20

services to show it to my kids. Yeah.

3:22

Okay. I've been to Space Camp to like

3:24

speak to the students a number of times

3:25

and I ask them like, "All right, raise

3:26

your hands if you've seen the movie

3:28

Space Camp here and know who Jinx is and

3:31

like no one raises their hands and that

3:33

just goes to show I'm I'm old." So, so

3:35

you were always into it. Is is that what

3:37

you wanted to do to work in aeronautical

3:40

engineering or as a pilot or what were

3:42

you thinking of doing? Yeah, I mean so

3:45

kind of interesting start to the story.

3:46

I mean I um I started my day job which

3:48

is shift for you know it's a it's a

3:50

pretty large large fintech now when I

3:52

was 16 and I was just like most you know

3:55

as you know entrepreneurs you're you're

3:56

burning yourself out waking up on the

3:58

keyboard and you know I said I need a

4:01

hobby in life uh so I picked up my

4:03

passion for flying and I I I basically

4:05

had parallel careers you know in

4:08

aviation and in and in business and I

4:11

started flying air shows in uh in 2010

4:15

and 2011. 11 and I was flying with a

4:17

bunch of really talented ex-military,

4:19

even current military pilots and they

4:20

were like, you know, you could fly in

4:22

the, you know, in the Air National Guard

4:23

or the reserves and um and I found out,

4:25

well, wow, that's amazing. You can fly

4:27

fighter jets part-time and serve the

4:28

country. You need a college degree. I

4:30

never had one cuz I I started my

4:32

business at 16. So, that's actually why

4:34

I went back to why I went back to

4:35

school, went to Embry Riddle because

4:36

it's a I mean, it's an aviation school.

4:38

Uh I think it graduates um more Air

4:41

Force pilots every year than the Air

4:42

Force Academy. But anyway, that that's

4:45

ultimately why I I got my degree. But my

4:46

my pursuits kind of in parallel of of

4:49

business and aviation has existed, you

4:51

know, really since I was a teenager. So

4:53

you're running this business. So Shift

4:55

4, just for those who are listening, is

4:57

a payment processing company that is a

4:59

public company today, $8.5 billion

5:02

market cap. So you've built an

5:04

incredible business. And then on the

5:07

side, my understanding is you've flown

5:10

like 7,000 hours in fighter jets and

5:13

you've tried to beat the

5:15

circumnavigation record a couple of

5:17

times now. So, were you kind of going to

5:20

work and then on the weekends flying? I

5:21

mean, how did you kind of balance

5:23

running a company trying to do that

5:25

today while balancing this podcast? I

5:28

can tell you it's really hard to do that

5:30

and anything else. It's like how did you

5:32

how did you do that? Well, I mean, you

5:34

know, again, I started my business at

5:36

16. I started flying a couple years

5:37

after that. You know, this is before you

5:40

have a, you know, a family and other

5:42

responsibilities. So, like literally all

5:44

I was doing was working and flying.

5:45

Mostly flying at night, which was

5:47

great. You know, I did that around the

5:49

world record flight. Didn't get it in

5:51

08. Broke it broke that record in09. We

5:53

did it to raise funds for Makea-Wish

5:55

Foundation, which was which was cool.

5:56

And it was a great challenge. And then,

5:58

um, later on started flying air shows,

6:00

which was great. And you know, we did a

6:02

lot to raise money for Make a Wish

6:03

there. And then we we kind of took uh

6:06

the air show flying, which was just

6:08

maximum fun, super adrenaline, and was

6:11

like, we're we're doing loops and rolls

6:13

to music, you know, 10 ft off the

6:14

ground, 18 in between our wings. We

6:16

probably should pivot this to something

6:18

that keeps the fun factor up, but has

6:20

some commercial intent, also helps the

6:22

country. So, we started a a defense

6:24

company called Draen. We w up assembling

6:26

the world's largest fleet of fighter

6:28

jets, jets just like this behind me. And

6:30

we were professional bad guys for the

6:32

Department of Defense, the Air Force.

6:34

Like we would fly as aggressors just

6:35

like in Top Gun replicating Russian and

6:38

Chinese Iranian tactics. I literally I

6:41

mean I remember at Christmas parties in

6:43

you know 2014 2015 speaking to the to

6:46

the workforce I was like I hope you all

6:47

know next to commercial space and what

6:50

Elon's doing at SpaceX. This is the

6:51

second coolest company. Like we get to

6:53

be professional bad guys all the time.

6:55

It was awesome. So I again I've had two

6:57

awesome parallel careers. Um, but hey,

7:00

running two companies like nothing

7:01

compared to Elon. I think I I can't even

7:03

He's got to be up to like a half a dozen

7:04

CEO titles uh in parallel right now. Not

7:07

to mention trying to save the, you know,

7:08

the country um you know uh and get it

7:11

back on a good fiscal footing. So, it's

7:12

my my responsibilities are pale in

7:14

comparison. Well, so when did you first

7:16

meet Elon and how did you meet him? So,

7:18

it's interesting and I almost like

7:20

guarantee you wouldn't uh remember it.

7:22

Uh after well, first I think like in

7:24

early 2000. So, I started my fintech in

7:26

1999. I actually think we were on like

7:28

the same like uh old uh it was like a TV

7:32

show being interviewed um in the early

7:34

2000s and we that was probably the first

7:36

handshake. It was after we set the uh we

7:40

broke actually the uh I'm sorry we

7:41

didn't break the record. This was in

7:42

2008 the around the world record. We

7:44

came up short. Peter Demanis, Dr. De

7:46

Manis reached out and um asked if uh if

7:49

I wanted to go to Bikenor and see a

7:51

Soyuse launch with some of the uh kind

7:53

of early commercial space pioneers. I

7:56

remember, you know, all the Google

7:57

founders were on that

7:59

TU154, you know, Russian transport. I'm

8:02

like, man, if if this thing goes down,

8:04

you're you're wiping out a lot of like a

8:05

lot of brain power here because Sergey

8:08

Larry, Eric Schmidt was on it. And that

8:10

that was um it was coming back from

8:12

that. I think there was a charity poker

8:14

event or something at Elon's house in um

8:16

it was early days of of Tesla. So, I

8:19

think I met him again there, but but

8:21

really we you know, like we don't know

8:23

each other that well. I've only spoken

8:24

to him, you know, a couple dozen times

8:26

maybe over the years and almost entirely

8:28

related to my commercial space missions,

8:29

Inspiration 4 and Plaston. Oh, so you're

8:32

not like super close with him because I

8:34

think there's this narrative that you

8:35

and Elon have a secret, you know, deep

8:37

connection and he's one of your best

8:39

friends. And you know, that's kind of

8:41

like how how your hearing went when I

8:43

look on the some of the video clips of

8:45

how some of the senators were treating

8:46

you. They're like, "Oh, you're you're

8:47

doing this all for Elon. He's your best

8:49

friend."

8:50

Yeah, you know, the sen I think almost

8:52

every one of the senators on both sides

8:53

of the aisle made that assumption and

8:55

asked a lot of questions on that. And I

8:56

said, look, I Elon is one of the most

8:58

accomplished, if not the most

9:00

accomplished entrepreneur in modern

9:02

history. Every one of his companies sets

9:04

out to solve some of the greatest

9:05

engineering problems for all

9:07

humankind. Even his, you know, kind of

9:10

super selfless service to the to the

9:11

government of trying getting us back on,

9:13

again, like I said, sound fiscal

9:15

footing. Um, I admire a lot of what he

9:17

does, but but honestly, and I told the

9:19

senators, my connection is I I I paid

9:21

his company to go to space twice. And

9:23

look, if there was more than just SpaceX

9:24

out there offering the service and you

9:26

had competition, I probably would have

9:28

paid less. Like, it's like, so if

9:30

anything, I'm very pro competition in

9:31

this regard. And uh, you know, I don't

9:33

consider myself beholden to Elon at all.

9:35

I want to see all of commercial space

9:36

succeed. I'm I'm a huge space

9:38

enthusiast. Let's go through that. So,

9:39

you met Elon. Did you get involved as an

9:41

investor in SpaceX along the way? How

9:44

did the inspiration 4 mission come to

9:46

be? In uh 2020, uh I did hear that, you

9:49

know, SpaceX was doing another one of

9:51

its secondary rounds and I was connected

9:54

through, you know, I think it was city

9:57

and I w up speaking to the CFO at uh at

10:00

SpaceX and he's like, "No, look, the you

10:03

know, funding round is closed and um you

10:05

know, we're kind of pretty selective on

10:06

on who we let in." I was like, "Okay,

10:08

great. Well, hey, you know, back in

10:10

2008, I actually got the uh the first

10:14

offer to pilot the first Dragon

10:15

spacecraft, which is wild to think

10:17

about, like 2008. And um even if I can't

10:20

be an investor, you know, at some point

10:21

or another, I'd love to have an

10:22

opportunity. And he was like, well,

10:24

can't be an investor now, but we could

10:27

talk about uh a human spaceflight

10:29

mission. And I had no idea I was going

10:32

to have an opportunity to be the first.

10:33

I assumed there was a lot of people in

10:35

front. And um man, it was uh what a

10:37

privilege to be able to do that. Um be

10:39

part of mission design and select a crew

10:41

of inspiring individuals and raise a

10:44

quarter of a billion dollars for St.

10:45

Jude. And it was just a successful

10:46

mission. It helped open the door for a

10:48

lot of other commercial missions to

10:50

come. So awesome experience. So in 2021,

10:53

you commanded inspiration 4, which was

10:55

the first all civilian space flight

10:57

using the SpaceX Crew Dragon. Yep. And

11:01

that was just truly like a momentous

11:05

mission. It was just so beautiful to

11:06

watch. And I remember it was also like a

11:08

tough year because it was a year after

11:09

co. So it was so great to see that

11:12

happening. But I had assumed and I think

11:14

a lot of people had assumed that you

11:15

were like a big investor in SpaceX or

11:17

really tight. But it just happened

11:18

within a a one and a half year or year

11:20

period that you kind of went from, hey,

11:22

I'd love to put some money into SpaceX

11:24

to, oh, I can participate and command

11:28

inspiration for and get out there into

11:31

space. Like that's a year and a half

11:34

days. Like I like literally from that

11:36

phone call in, you know, October, um,

11:40

Inspiration 4 was born. A week or two

11:43

later, we did a like a ceremonial

11:45

signing at the uh at the Crew One

11:48

launch, which is wild, too. And it

11:50

speaks to the confidence of SpaceX that

11:52

they were ready to sign up for the first

11:55

commercial, like the first civilian

11:57

mission to orbit before they even

12:00

returned operational capability uh for

12:03

human space flight to NASA. Now, they

12:05

did demo two, of course, with with Bob

12:06

and Doug, but crew 1 had not flown when

12:09

SpaceX said, "We're going to get this

12:11

done." And then 10 months later, we were

12:14

in orbit, and it was an incredible

12:16

experience. And obviously, we followed

12:17

it up with a whole development program

12:19

with Polaris and um and flew a second

12:21

mission as well. So, yeah. So, just

12:23

going back, you said you were made, you

12:25

were given an offer to pilot a Crew

12:28

Dragon in ' 08. Is that correct? When

12:31

did that how did that happen? So it was

12:33

it was right after I came back from that

12:34

around the world flight and again I said

12:37

you know Dr. Dmanis reached out and uh

12:39

we met in the city and he was like you

12:41

seem to be like kind of thinking the way

12:43

we think uh in in terms of you know a

12:46

more exciting future in transportation

12:48

and and aerospace. Now of course his

12:50

interests cover everything from like

12:52

human life extension to he likes to

12:54

solve a lot of world problems too. Yeah.

12:56

And it was through those connections and

12:58

coming out to

12:59

Bikenor that I did get that uh I did get

13:02

that offer. I still have the agreement.

13:04

It was funny. I uh I showed it to some

13:06

of the SpaceX folks when we were talking

13:07

about Inspiration 4, but yeah. Amazing.

13:11

Yeah. Just knocked on the door every now

13:12

and then and got lucky in 2020. Um it

13:14

was certainly through the approach of

13:15

trying to be an investor, but it it

13:17

revisited old conversations and moved

13:19

very quickly. Kind of funny that a

13:21

banker called you from city and that led

13:22

to you. Oh, I called the banker. Oh, you

13:25

called the banker. They called the

13:26

banker trying to get the the a contact

13:29

uh like a a recent contact and that's uh

13:31

that's that's like hook me up. I want to

13:33

get in. That's crazy. Yeah. Okay. So

13:35

then you said hey that was a successful

13:37

mission. You had obviously a good

13:39

relationship with SpaceX and the

13:41

operations team there I'm assuming and

13:43

you said hey I'd like to come back and

13:47

like Polaris dawn was formed at that

13:48

time or did that come together later

13:50

just for the audience. So last what was

13:52

it

13:53

September you were the first private

13:55

citizen in human history to perform a

13:58

spacew walk which again another

14:01

incredible moment and you know I think

14:05

it was inspiring for people who realized

14:08

at that moment that perhaps you didn't

14:10

need to become an astronaut to be able

14:13

to walk in space. I mean it was really

14:14

just incredible. But how did the

14:16

continuation go from inspiration 4 to

14:17

Polaris dawn? Yeah and I I loved it. I

14:20

mean, Plaston was filled with we crammed

14:22

so many really incredible objectives in

14:25

five days uh on top of about 40 science

14:28

experiments. It was an awesome mission.

14:29

I'd love to tell you about it. And and

14:31

you know, but uh yeah, so when we came

14:33

back from Inspiration 4, I thought we

14:36

checked the box on every objective. I

14:38

mean, we navigated the whole, you know,

14:40

billionaire in in space thing, which at

14:42

the time with, you know, some of the

14:44

other, you know, missions that were

14:45

going off was um was attracting a lot of

14:47

a lot of heat and really focused it on

14:49

trying to to do good in the world that,

14:51

you know, we can make progress in space

14:53

and try and, you know, make the, you

14:56

know, mother earth a better place. And

14:57

we focused on raising a lot of money for

15:00

St. Jude. And um and anyway, like we did

15:02

and we did three days of science and

15:04

research experiments. It felt really

15:05

good and we were a little bit short on

15:08

our uh on our um you know our

15:10

fundraising goal for uh St. Jude. I mean

15:13

we we set out to raise over $200

15:15

million. We wound up raising $250

15:18

million but we were a little short and

15:19

we came back and I was like man we

15:20

almost got everything done and then Elon

15:22

sent a tweet right after Splashdown. 40

15:24

minutes after Splashdown and he said put

15:26

me in for 50 million. And he already had

15:28

put in five and we we we exceeded our

15:31

goal and I was like man we got

15:33

everything done. We set the bar high.

15:36

Maybe this is it. And um it was a couple

15:39

weeks later that I was invited to go to

15:41

Starbase. Uh this was the second time I

15:43

went. This was like October of 21. And

15:46

we sat down with a number of folks

15:48

including Elon. And we talked about, you

15:51

know, doing a um like a developmental

15:53

program where we actually can build

15:55

things and test things that hadn't been

15:56

done in a while. And I remember Elon,

15:58

he's like, "We we can build a suit. I

16:00

know exactly how I would do it. and

16:02

let's go up really high, you know, let's

16:04

get past the Gemini 11 record, go

16:06

farther into space than anyone's gone

16:07

since we last walked on the moon because

16:09

it's it's different. It's hard and we're

16:11

going to learn a lot. And that's what

16:12

you need to do when you want to inspire

16:14

people is not kind of do the same things

16:15

over and over again, but but do things

16:17

that are different and build up to an

16:19

even grander objective. And I was like,

16:21

"All right, I'm totally in." And we

16:22

contemplated other missions, you know, a

16:24

follow on to Polaris dawn and then the

16:25

first crude flight of Starship. But, uh,

16:27

the nomination came in and, you know,

16:29

had to put my my, uh, fun space career

16:32

on hold to to to for an incredible

16:34

opportunity to serve the country and

16:36

contribute to the world's greatest space

16:37

agency. So, let's get into that. How did

16:40

the

16:41

conversation lead to you becoming the

16:45

nominee to administer NASA? Were you in

16:48

conversations with Elon first? Is that

16:51

how this this kind of began for you? No.

16:55

So, and and I think like that's another

16:57

thing that, you know, almost every

16:59

senator wanted to ask is, you know, you

17:01

know, weren't weren't you Elon's guy in

17:03

this? Like I I have no doubt. I mean,

17:04

look, he he he helped the president win

17:06

the election. He he's was in Air Force

17:08

One, Marine One. He was at Mara Lago

17:10

throughout the campaign. I'm I'm I'm

17:11

sure he had inputs. I was getting text

17:13

messages from generals that I uh that I

17:17

got to know when I built, you know,

17:18

helped build that defense company,

17:20

Draen. Uh that's where we flew all the

17:22

fighter jets and and you know, they were

17:24

in now positions of influence and said,

17:26

"Would you like to serve in the in the

17:28

administration and and it wasn't even

17:30

just NASA. I mean, there were roles from

17:32

Treasury to uh the department, you know,

17:35

to the Air Force." And I was like, I am

17:37

honored to contribute anyway. you know,

17:38

I've had I've been, you know, relatively

17:40

apolitical, but if I've had one

17:42

political position that I've been

17:43

pounding the table on since I um since I

17:46

I was exposed to the defense industry at

17:47

Draen, it's the competitiveness of the

17:49

nation. And that's because I saw when we

17:51

were replicating, you know, enemy

17:53

tactics in 2015 in fighter jets, the gap

17:58

between our capabilities and the bad

17:59

guys was wide. And you felt very

18:02

confident and every year it started to

18:04

shrink. And it's like, what is going on

18:06

here? Why are we paralyzed? Why are we

18:08

slowing down while while the Chinese

18:11

especially are moving wicked fast? Um,

18:13

and I've spoken out about it from time

18:15

to time on where I think some of the

18:16

problems are and over consolidation of

18:18

the defense industry. So anyway, I I was

18:21

absolutely honored to have a chance to

18:22

serve. I'm sure Elon contributed into

18:24

the, you know, was supportive in it, but

18:26

it was a number of folks and I got a

18:28

call from Howard Lutnick, who was

18:30

leading the uh, transition team, and he

18:31

did a phone interview and the next thing

18:32

you know, like 40 hours later, I was at

18:34

Mara Lago. He said, "Hop on a plane.

18:36

Come out

18:38

here." Having a lot of friends of mine

18:41

who are serving in this administration,

18:44

your story sounds familiar that folks

18:48

that are close to this whole group that

18:51

was sitting at Mara Lago for several

18:54

weeks and months after the

18:57

election. I've heard a lot of similar

18:59

stories that folks got called saying,

19:01

"Hey, would you like to consider

19:03

something?" And it was very open-ended.

19:05

It's like we've gotten to know you. We

19:07

trust you. You're reliable. But most

19:09

importantly, we're looking for folks

19:11

that have experience and acumen in

19:14

operating a business, in understanding

19:16

how to manage at scale, and really have

19:19

a similar sort of belief system, I would

19:21

say, to the folks that that were

19:22

stepping in to run this administration.

19:24

So, I I do think what you're saying

19:26

sounds like what I've heard and makes a

19:28

lot of sense to me. Um, so so you then

19:30

fly out to Mara Lago. What was that

19:31

like? Oh man, that was so cool. I mean

19:34

it just happened so suddenly and I I

19:36

mean just you know kind of put together

19:39

uh a quick plan. Uh, at that point I

19:42

knew it was consideration for NASA

19:44

administrator, but I'll tell you in the

19:46

days leading up to it, I was hearing

19:47

everything from being at the Treasury

19:49

Department in various roles and to um,

19:52

you know, again to the Department of the

19:53

Air Force, but I knew it was NASA and I

19:55

was like, well, I got to I got to come

19:57

with a plan and uh, and I, you know, we

20:00

put together a one pager for the

20:02

president and it was a it was a great

20:05

interview. I mean, I never really met

20:07

him in person. and I shook his hand kind

20:08

of once in passing uh 10 plus years

20:11

earlier and the president was incredibly

20:14

knowledgeable. Um I was impressed. He

20:16

knew a lot about the space program which

20:18

makes sense. He I mean you know he

20:21

helped with commercial crew return

20:22

operational capability to the US with

20:24

with

20:25

Dragon. You know a big push on the

20:27

Artemis program created the space force.

20:29

He knew a lot he knew a lot about China.

20:31

Uh he kn we talked a lot about their air

20:33

force actually which I thought was

20:34

interesting. some of my my um you know

20:36

defense experience and uh it was

20:39

incredible. I mean it was an hour plus

20:40

long and I um I uh I came away with it

20:43

feeling uh you know really good about

20:45

the opportunity. Who coached you on your

20:47

one page there and what did it say?

20:49

Nobody coached me on it. It was it was

20:51

just I generally you know I've had an

20:53

opportunity to obviously interact with

20:54

NASA over the last I mean my my

20:56

commercial space career now goes on uh

20:58

well it'll be it'll be 5 years in a in a

21:01

couple months from when it began. And

21:03

you know during Polaris storm when we

21:05

were doing suit development spent a lot

21:06

of time at NASA using their chambers and

21:08

facilities had a lot of you know kind of

21:10

firsthand experience certainly Kennedy

21:11

Space Center. So I had a good starting

21:13

place and uh I think it really just

21:15

centered on look in in in this kind of

21:18

environment budgets aren't getting

21:20

bigger. Uh we do have to do more with

21:22

less. The agency is doing a lot of

21:25

littles a lot of things that other

21:26

agencies departments companies are

21:28

capable of doing. That's not why the

21:30

taxpayers fund NASA. Like NASA's funded

21:32

to do the near impossible that no one

21:34

else can do, not things that, you know,

21:36

companies should be doing for their own

21:38

competitiveness. You know, uh NASA helps

21:40

fund like engine efficiency programs for

21:44

you know um commercial jet engine

21:46

providers. It's like don't they need to

21:48

do that themselves or else they lose to

21:49

their competitors? Like why are we

21:51

funding this? So basically like an idea

21:53

to kind of go in stop a lot of the

21:55

littles that are not needle movers that

21:57

are not why the agency exists and

21:59

concentrate on the needle movers. So,

22:02

you know, that's leading in the high

22:03

ground of space. Uh, let's get let's,

22:05

you know, let's complete our our lunar

22:06

obligations cuz that's a whole another

22:08

story with with China. At the same time,

22:11

parallel the the, you know, parallel the

22:13

capabilities to get to Mars, help

22:14

commercial industry uh, develop the the

22:17

rapid reusable heavy lift capability

22:19

that allows us to go anywhere, pivot

22:21

from competing with industry to doing

22:23

what no company would ever do, which is

22:25

build nuclear spaceships. There's a lot

22:27

of advantages to it. nuclear electric

22:29

propulsion for sure. You know, we don't

22:31

have to worry as much about refilling.

22:33

It's hyperefficient transport of mass.

22:35

It opens up, you know, beyond Mars. And

22:38

and frankly, like look, it takes the

22:40

pressure off insitu resource

22:41

manufacturing. And if you are going to

22:43

do insitu resource manufacturing, you're

22:45

going to need nuclear power. And the

22:46

farther we get away from the sun, the

22:47

less reliant we are on solar. A lot of

22:49

reasons why that should not be a small

22:51

program in the lab right now doing light

22:53

bulbs, but should be a billion dollar

22:55

initiative. you know, figuring out the

22:57

space economy and uh increasing the rate

22:59

of world changing discovery. Those have

23:01

been my priorities. Uh it's what I told

23:03

briefed the president. It's what I went

23:04

through the Senate and the hearing on.

23:06

It's what we would have tried to

23:08

concentrate on if I got the job. There's

23:09

a lot in there we should

23:11

unpack. I want to just get your

23:15

perspective on the arc of NASA. You

23:17

know, NASA is a storied

23:20

institution, inspirational to many.

23:24

You and me the same. I still wear a NASA

23:26

hat with pride often, but you know, the

23:30

agency from an outsers's perspective

23:33

feels like it's become a lagard. It

23:35

feels like it's kind of lost a little

23:36

bit of its luster. Why is that? Do I

23:39

have that wrong? And if I don't, what

23:42

has happened to the administration of

23:44

the agency over the decades that's led

23:46

to this this moment? Well, I like you, I

23:49

love NASA, and I was so excited to to

23:51

contribute. I was honored that the

23:53

president nominated me. I mean, you've

23:54

got the best and brightest that show up

23:56

to work every day and want to win in the

23:58

high ground of space and I would have

23:59

been thrilled to work alongside him.

24:00

You're totally right. Everything about

24:02

it, even that just looking at the

24:03

insignia, how how damn inspiring it is,

24:06

but NASA's got problems and um but

24:09

that's that look that's not unique to

24:11

them. It's going to be governmentwide.

24:12

Whatever I tell you that I think is

24:13

wrong with NASA, I would guarantee it,

24:16

you know, is uh like, you know, it's

24:18

systemic across uh every government

24:20

agency and department. Uh the

24:22

bureaucracy is super real. No one's

24:24

gonna be surprised about that. You know

24:26

the you have dozens of layers of

24:28

leadership. Everybody's got a deputy. I

24:31

mean you know things that you know I

24:33

know like you know we know in business

24:35

that certainly Elon knows and instills

24:36

in his companies across commercial space

24:38

like ownership like you push ownership

24:40

down to the lowest levels. You empower

24:42

the smart people to make good decisions.

24:44

You know you give them the tools to make

24:46

those good decisions. You hold them

24:47

accountable when you get them wrong.

24:48

That does not exist inside NASA or the

24:50

government. There is so many layers of

24:52

management. Everybody's got a deputy.

24:54

It's crazy. I would have deleted all

24:55

that. Like not that not the people don't

24:56

need to go, but they need to, you know,

24:58

the the the amount of deputies,

25:00

assistants, associate assistant to the

25:02

deputy, the amount of committees, the

25:04

meetings with 200 people on them, the

25:07

review boards, like like all that needs

25:10

to go. You need so many more doers. And

25:12

there's a lot of them there. They're

25:14

really smart, but you you got to push

25:15

down uh you know, ownership to the

25:17

absolute lowest level. So you you got

25:19

this crushing bureaucracy that impedes

25:21

progress. And then and here's where

25:22

Congress plays a role. Every state's got

25:25

some equity that they care about and

25:27

they protect like hell and it impedes

25:29

the big progress. You know, like I I

25:31

tell you, I I love talking to all the

25:33

senators and the Senate was so fair to

25:34

me and and I know I would have had a lot

25:36

of great votes, but you talk to some

25:38

senators and they're like, you know, we

25:39

have a local rocket club that supports

25:42

these schools and NASA contributes it to

25:44

every year and I want to make sure that

25:45

continues. It's like, well, why can't

25:46

you do a car wash for the rocket club?

25:48

Like, this isn't huge dollars. Why can't

25:50

the community raise those funds? And

25:52

then you might say, well, what's wrong

25:54

with a couple rocket clubs, you know, to

25:55

inspire the kids all across the country?

25:57

Well, well, one turns to 10 turns to

25:59

thousands, and it becomes a distraction.

26:02

Those are parts to delete. Those are

26:03

resources that are draining away from

26:05

what every senator should care about,

26:07

which is how do we get to the moon, get

26:09

to Mars, and shock the world with, you

26:11

know, with with with world changing

26:13

headlines. That's what people are are

26:15

waiting for from NASA, you know, 100%. I

26:18

mean, man, what you're saying resonates

26:19

with me so much. It's not just NASA.

26:21

It's across the federal government. I've

26:23

spent enough time now interacting with

26:26

folks and meeting with folks and hearing

26:28

similar stories. It's just the chaos

26:30

that that builds with scale, with age,

26:33

with bureaucracy, with competing

26:35

interests that all have to be met and

26:37

you end up diluting everything away.

26:39

It's so frustrating to hear that. I

26:41

think this does play into um why China

26:45

is is really just moving at at lightning

26:48

speed right now. They have this immense

26:50

second mover advantage that is um that

26:53

is crushing across all technology. You

26:55

know when you had the Manhattan project

26:58

we uh we had the the technical knowhow,

27:00

the will and the resources to get

27:02

something done and we set up facilities

27:04

where we needed them. you know, Oakidge

27:07

and Lawrence Liverour and um you know,

27:09

like you know, you get um you put the

27:12

facilities where you need them and the

27:13

talent where you need them to execute on

27:15

the mission and everything builds up

27:17

logically to it and you and you deliver

27:18

a win. And we did the same thing with

27:20

the space program, you know, in the in

27:22

the in the 1960s. Well, now all of those

27:25

national labs and all and really

27:27

honestly a lot of the facilities within

27:28

NASA are doing lots of little things for

27:31

existence. Um and some of them are

27:33

relevant to the mission and some are

27:35

not. And when you try and do something,

27:37

you know, glorious now, you have to try

27:40

and repurpose those resources that are

27:42

super entrenched and they don't want to

27:43

necessarily move. And then, of course,

27:44

you have Congress that's protecting

27:45

their programs. China is literally doing

27:47

what we are do what we did, you know, in

27:50

the in the ' 40s and 60s and saying,

27:52

we're going to, hey, we're going to go

27:53

after fusion, um, or we're going to work

27:55

on next generation fifth gen nuclear

27:57

reactors. We're going to build sixthgen

27:58

fighter jets. And they put the

27:59

facilities where they belong with the

28:01

right people and resources. There's no

28:03

baggage. and they have this incredible

28:05

second mover advantage and they're able

28:07

to get things done at lightning speeds

28:08

because they don't have all that drag

28:10

and we have a lot of drag and again it's

28:12

not just NASA it's it's governmentwide

28:14

and do you think there's a way to fix it

28:18

without Congress or is the only way to

28:20

fix it without

28:22

Congress

28:24

meaning there needs to be no Congress if

28:27

we have a shot at fixing this and there

28:29

needs to be a different governing model.

28:31

Yeah. You know, look, I I think the uh I

28:34

think this is this is why I I absolutely

28:36

support the the president that, you

28:38

know, despite all I I mean, I my single

28:40

largest political donation ever was to

28:42

was to President Trump in this uh you

28:44

know, to support his inauguration. It's

28:46

why I got charged up with uh you know,

28:48

with Elon assembling the Doge team is

28:50

like we do have to shrink the

28:52

government. We do have to get rid of all

28:53

these inefficiencies, these the waste

28:55

and the distractions from the mission,

28:57

things that we don't need every taxpayer

28:59

contributing to and actually concentrate

29:01

those dollars, real dollars, on the

29:03

things that the taxpayers should be

29:05

fighting for. And when you do that, you

29:07

know what, like 20 billion or 25 billion

29:09

is actually a lot of money. And you

29:11

know, and I know like it's it's a super

29:12

tough budget environment right now. And

29:14

people people hate change, but I'm

29:16

always surprised when like a million is

29:17

not a million anymore and a billion is

29:19

not a billion because you do an awful

29:21

awful lot with that. So, if there was

29:23

ever a time to get this done, uh it's

29:25

now with President Trump with when he

29:27

has the House and the Senate behind him

29:29

and and I'm not surprised that there is

29:31

frustration from from people that were

29:33

really passionate um and and and are

29:35

still passionate when uh when this much

29:37

time goes by and we're not able to get

29:39

those things done that we thought we

29:40

we'd be able to. So, NASA's budget last

29:44

year, $25 billion. Break it down for us.

29:47

How is that money being spent?

29:50

what are the dimensions upon which you

29:52

would kind of categorize that budget?

29:54

Um, and we'll talk about kind of what's

29:56

going forward.

29:58

Yeah, I mean, look, I I think an

30:01

incredibly large portion of it is with

30:03

human space flight and uh and

30:05

specifically uh the Aremis program and

30:08

SLS and it's a lot of billions going to

30:12

a disposable rocket. It is billions that

30:14

when I you're talking so I mean I think

30:16

it's like five or 600% overrun to build

30:19

the mobile launcher 2 for the next

30:21

generation SLS. So sorry just tell us

30:24

what SLS is for the audience. That's the

30:26

space launch system I think or it's uh

30:29

they also call it the Senate launch

30:31

system I think and uh it's spread across

30:34

um a lot of dollars are spread across

30:36

some key states. Well just to give you

30:38

an idea so SLS is just repurposed

30:41

shuttle hardware. So, uh, and I don't

30:44

blame anyone for putting us down this

30:46

path because at the time you did not

30:48

have Blue Origin or SpaceX or any of

30:49

these other commercial companies doing

30:50

the things that are doing today, but

30:52

they were like, "Let's, uh, let's take

30:54

the shuttle program parts and put into a

30:55

program called Constellation, and let's

30:57

take the Constellation parts and put it

30:59

in a program called uh, SLS." And and

31:02

essentially, again, it's the it's it's

31:04

it's it's the same shuttle motors. It's

31:06

the same solid rocket boosters. You're

31:08

basically taking the tank and putting

31:10

Orion on top of it. Orion is 20 years

31:12

old, by the way. It hasn't flown humans

31:13

yet. And it's incredibly expensive and

31:15

very disposable, but it creates a lot of

31:17

jobs in certain states and um and it's

31:20

like at some and look, there's enough

31:22

hardware now to fly a couple missions

31:23

and make sure you beat China back to the

31:25

moon. But but you can't be stuck on this

31:26

forever. This is literally the

31:28

equivalency, by the way, of taking P-51

31:30

Mustangs from World War II and using

31:32

them in Desert Storm because uh we got

31:34

to keep the plants open. And that

31:36

obviously makes no no logical sense

31:38

whatsoever for factories that are making

31:40

this stuff that used to make landing

31:42

ships in World War II that made Saturn

31:44

rocket that pivoted to shuttle to SLS

31:46

and now to believe that you can't make

31:48

another pivot is is kind of crazy and

31:50

the right thing you should pivot towards

31:51

honestly is nuclear. I want to just talk

31:53

about the the Trump budget proposal for

31:55

NASA. So this is the NASA budget over

31:59

the history of NASA. And

32:02

the proposed budget would basically

32:05

create the lowest budget since

32:09

1961. So they're proposing to reduce the

32:12

overall budget from 25 billion a year

32:14

down to 19 billion a year. Were you part

32:17

of the conversation on building this

32:20

budget? And then I'll highlight some of

32:22

the features of this budget here in a

32:23

moment. But did did you um have

32:25

conversations with the administration as

32:28

this was being put together and some of

32:29

these proposals were being considered? I

32:30

mean, how how deep have you gone in

32:32

this? No, you know, when you're a

32:33

nominee, you're actually kept in the

32:35

dark on a lot of things. Um you do get

32:37

briefed on everything that's going on

32:39

with every center, you know, every major

32:41

program, things that senators could ask

32:43

you about from a um from like a

32:45

one-on-one perspective, but you're not

32:46

given access to sensitive information.

32:48

you almost need some deniability when

32:50

you're talking to senators on that or

32:53

else your nominations could get held up

32:54

really big time. So, I wasn't aware I

32:57

honestly uh I was voted out of

32:59

committee, you know, uh the commerce

33:00

committee by um you know, Senator Cruz

33:02

and and you know, 18 other it was 19

33:05

senators in total. And the next day, the

33:07

skinny budget came out. And if that

33:09

skinny budget had come out uh you know

33:11

again a day or two earlier I would I

33:13

would never have made it out of

33:14

committee because obviously as as I

33:16

think is playing out right now both

33:18

sides of the aisle are not happy about

33:20

the you know the budget. Okay. So, in

33:23

this budget, there's a proposal to

33:25

cancel

33:26

SLS and Orion, terminate numerous

33:30

robotic science missions, including the

33:32

Mars sample return mission. Mhm. Um,

33:35

probes to Venus, and several future

33:38

space telescopes. And it represents the

33:40

White House's desire to end the

33:42

development of a nuclear thermal rocket

33:45

engine. I guess having scrutinized this

33:47

budget, how do you react to what you see

33:49

being proposed? And does it solve what

33:52

you've identified as some of the

33:54

challenges in NASA? Or are those more

33:56

management challenges? Does budget

33:58

create a constraining force here that

34:00

fixes some of the issues with respect to

34:02

focus and concentration of capital into

34:04

the right projects for from your point

34:06

of view? Yeah, it's a it's a it's an

34:08

excellent question. So So first, like

34:10

look, the the the reduction the big

34:13

budget reduction is a great forcing

34:15

function for change. And I know there's

34:17

a lot of people that probably don't want

34:18

to don't want to hear that, but uh it is

34:20

true. That doesn't mean I would have

34:22

landed at 19 billion in this whole

34:24

thing, but I fully support uh the

34:26

president and uh with the goal of

34:29

shrinking the budget and and and and

34:31

getting back to responsible footing and

34:32

I do think billions can go a very long

34:34

way. So uh I will just start with that.

34:37

I I everything you just said

34:39

directionally is is is kind of in the

34:40

right direction. We've already got paid

34:41

for enough SLS hardware that if you were

34:43

to terminate for convenience now, you

34:45

got enough to launch like two or three

34:47

of them. It's enough to get you back to

34:48

the moon, check that box to make sure

34:50

that you don't have any economic or

34:52

scientific or national security reasons

34:54

to stay on the moon and and put your

34:56

energy much more towards um commercial

34:57

industry. Look, nuclear thermal uh

34:59

propulsion I'm not a fan of. I like

35:02

nuclear electric. Nuclear thermal to

35:03

test it, you're spewing radioactive

35:05

debris here on Earth. It's not going to

35:06

go over well to anyone and it doesn't

35:08

really solve your refueling problem. you

35:10

still need to top it off with hydrogen

35:12

in space if you want a reusable space

35:14

plug. So I don't like that either. And

35:15

and it's subscale. It's it's a fact.

35:18

It's a program that sits in a lab

35:19

forever. Like what you need in nuclear

35:22

electric I'm passionate on the subject

35:23

is you you need us to get back to the

35:24

good old days. Like we went from the

35:26

atomic bomb in 1945 to laying the keel

35:29

on the nautilus in 1951. Five six years.

35:32

We didn't keep it in a lab forever. We

35:33

said, you know what, we're going to do

35:35

big bold things. And that's what we need

35:37

to be doing with uh in space with when

35:38

it comes to uh to nuclear. Look, a lot

35:41

of the science programs I'm huge fans of

35:43

Mars sample return. The best thing to do

35:45

is when the astronauts get there to

35:47

bring the samples home. Why would we

35:49

spend billions to send a robotic

35:50

mission? We can put that into commercial

35:52

industry and accelerate their timeline.

35:54

So, I'm not I I wasn't a fan of a pure

35:56

robotic mission on that one. And you

35:58

know, a lot of the big science programs

35:59

I want to see James Webs and Hubble

36:01

telescope programs launching annually,

36:04

if not more. Um, flagship programs

36:07

definitionally are billion dollar spends

36:10

and if you spend a billion then you got

36:11

to get it right and that means lots of

36:13

requirements and and and we can't take

36:15

unnecessary risk and a billion becomes a

36:16

three billion program and it's never on

36:18

time. Like we should be challenging the

36:19

best and brightest. Give me 10 $100

36:22

million missions a year. Let's try that

36:24

and let's accept that three fail and get

36:26

act you know I was going to introduce

36:28

like time to science as a KPI like how

36:32

why don't why do we accept things taking

36:34

10 years when they could be a year even

36:35

the decal process of of prioritizing

36:37

scientific missions over a 10-year span

36:40

is kind of insane 100% 100% and I I

36:45

think a lot of people hear budget cuts

36:46

and I I hear this on the NIH side as

36:49

well now that the administration and

36:51

budget cutting is going to take lives

36:53

people going lose lives. We're going to

36:54

lose science. This is an anti-science

36:57

agenda. But the if you can get more

37:00

efficient with how you deploy capital

37:03

and how you manage the deployment of

37:05

that capital and the utilization of that

37:06

capital, you actually accelerate

37:08

science. You accelerate outcomes and you

37:11

improve the condition and the prosperity

37:13

for humanity and for America. And it's

37:16

completely a misdirected statement when

37:18

people say that a budget cut is an

37:20

anti-science movement. It's about

37:22

finding the right places so that you get

37:24

more outcomes and redeploy in a smarter,

37:26

more efficient way. It drives me nuts. I

37:28

just see it, you know, all over uh right

37:30

now. That's just I mean it's just

37:32

politics. I do think overfunding leads

37:34

to complacency, leads to bureaucracy,

37:36

which actually leads to a slowdown in

37:39

discovery, a slowdown in invention, a

37:41

slowdown in progress. Anyway, I'm sorry

37:42

for my rant. I agree. Look, as I mean,

37:44

as entrepreneurs, we know like some of

37:45

our probably best decision-m is always

37:47

when we were running low on cash. So,

37:49

um, you know, it kind of drives

37:50

efficiency and, uh, it is a, you know,

37:53

necessity, mother of all invention

37:54

there. Yeah. Look, I think that's just a

37:56

product of some of our and I'm not

37:57

familiar with any of the NIH or and I'm

37:58

I'm not pretending to go deep on that at

38:00

all. Just I do think this is kind of a

38:02

product of of of the politics of our

38:04

time. It's a very divided country. You

38:05

know, people have to take an opposing

38:07

view and and and go to extremes. People

38:09

will die over over this. But the

38:11

government is terrible capital

38:12

allocators. Come on. We should all know

38:14

that. And you know we should as

38:16

taxpayers we should be contributing to

38:17

the things that no one else is willing

38:19

to do where there is no good business

38:20

use case or or economic model you know

38:23

it is in you know if competition is

38:25

working they can solve a lot of problems

38:27

and we should put our energy to what

38:28

they won't solve. Um and and look I

38:30

think Katzios by the way in science he's

38:32

a great leader. I I've spoken to him a

38:34

bunch of times. Um you know he he's not

38:36

a quag. He doesn't think wild things

38:38

like that. He he wants you know the

38:40

golden age of science and discovery. I'm

38:42

fair. Yeah. Good science. Yeah.

38:43

Absolutely. Well, let's talk about

38:45

Artemis. I think this is a big piece

38:47

that that the American public doesn't

38:49

fully gro that we have this effort and

38:53

maybe you can just lay out for us the

38:55

case for Artemis. Lay out for us the

38:58

case for Mars. Tell us about the

39:01

relationship between the two and the

39:03

timelines. Sure. And why Yeah. Why are

39:05

we doing them? Let's just say I I am in

39:07

the return to the moon camp. doesn't

39:08

mean like uh you know I and I'm I know

39:11

that you know Elon is very focused on on

39:14

Mars and he has a lot of great reasons

39:16

why including just the survival of our

39:18

species. I mean the long term it is the

39:20

right move. I remember um during my

39:23

hearing uh one senator was really

39:24

grilling me a lot of like what really

39:26

what's the difference between you know

39:28

moon and Mars and uh you know isn't

39:30

moons a stepping stone. I'm like well

39:31

one's a planet you know and uh you know

39:33

it has an atmosphere and if you looked

39:35

at the moon it doesn't look pretty. I

39:37

mean, it's getting beat up all the time.

39:38

It has no protection from, you know,

39:40

from solar radiation. So, reality is

39:43

like you should go to the moon if it

39:45

because for 35 years we said we were

39:47

going to. And I think that's very

39:49

important. You know, we it's it's it's

39:51

very late in the game to say, well, we

39:53

did it in the 60s and early 70s. You

39:56

know, that would have been the fine

39:57

position to state the entire time that

39:59

we've done it and we're moving on. But

40:01

we didn't. For 35 years, we said we're

40:03

going back and we spent over a hundred

40:05

billion of taxpayer dollars saying we

40:06

were going to do it. And for us not to

40:08

be able to do it now and watch China do

40:10

it. Like I said, it's it signals a far

40:12

greater disease across our our

40:14

government and and how our system

40:16

operates. And I don't think we want that

40:18

reckoning. So look, we paid for the

40:19

hardware anyway. We let's let's go back,

40:21

but let's parallel going to Mars. So

40:22

that's what Artemis is really about. I

40:24

mean, you can say Artemis is about Mars,

40:25

too, but that's like 100 years down the

40:27

line. And like I said, it's a giant

40:29

disposable rocket program that

40:30

repurposes shuttle hardware. It's

40:32

incredibly expensive. We signed up a lot

40:34

of international partners to support it

40:36

because we like collecting flags. Um,

40:39

and it doesn't necessarily always mean

40:41

that what they're contributing to is in

40:42

the best interest of the program. Case

40:44

in point, you know, we had, you know,

40:46

gateway man like this is going down a

40:48

rabbit hole of a lot of things because

40:49

of the shortcomings of the vehicle, but

40:51

it's expensive. It's disposable. it is

40:53

not the way to do uh affordable,

40:56

repeatable, efficient exploration

40:58

whether it's to moon, Mars or anywhere

41:00

else. So let's get it done and then

41:02

focus on the on the right way to go

41:04

about doing this so that we're not

41:05

seeing people walk on the moon every 5

41:07

years or something crazy that it's

41:09

happening all the time which is what we

41:10

get excited about. What is there to do

41:12

on the moon? Why should we go back? What

41:14

is the purpose? I think, you know, it's

41:16

it's it's almost like a, you know, if

41:18

you're going to go and commit yourself

41:20

uh take risks in a in a conflict, you

41:22

know, you want clear objectives. And in

41:24

my mind, again, aside from the fact that

41:26

the hardware is already essentially

41:28

purchased, it's clear objectives. Is

41:30

there any economic, scientific, or

41:32

national security reasons to be here?

41:34

And I don't think we can say that

41:35

conclusively right now that that there

41:37

are none. and China is going uh and if

41:40

they were to find something even a small

41:42

probability a 1% let's just say

41:44

hypothetically it's helium 3 and and

41:46

they're going to usher in a new form of

41:47

power. Think about how many conflicts

41:49

that we've had over the last century

41:53

over uh over sources of power over

41:55

energy. Do we want to get that one

41:57

wrong? And and are we willing to take a

41:59

1% chance and and that could shift the

42:01

balance of power here on Earth? I don't

42:03

think so. And we said we were going to

42:04

do it for 35 years and we and we spent

42:06

100 billion of taxpayer money. Like I

42:07

said, the hardware is there. But I think

42:08

you do it. You make those

42:09

determinations. Is there scientific,

42:11

economic or national security reason to

42:13

be here? And if not, you move on. And if

42:15

companies like Blue Origin and SpaceX

42:18

and even Rocket Lab are successful with

42:20

their vehicles, you're going to have

42:21

like the optionality to go to the moon.

42:23

It's not the Delta V is a negligible

42:25

difference between whether you're going

42:26

to the moon or Mars. And we should

42:28

colonize Mars. We should build a colony

42:30

on Mars. I think we need to go there. Um

42:34

and by going there it is a it is the

42:36

first step on a far grander journey you

42:39

know and uh you know I I I you know Elon

42:41

is obviously very passionate about it

42:43

occupy Mars like he knows it's not the

42:44

perfect destination there's nothing like

42:46

you can you know it's unlike anything in

42:48

in Earth's history you know people say

42:51

it's analoges to you know the explorers

42:53

of the 1400s or putting people in like

42:55

those shipping containers for six months

42:56

and saying we know how to live on Mars

42:58

it's you know you could work

43:00

your whole life on Mars and you still

43:02

live in a bubble

43:03

You know, so it's not like it's not

43:05

going to be an easy way of life, but it

43:07

is a step in the right direction. Like

43:09

our destiny is out and among the stars.

43:11

Like we will inevitably learn something

43:14

out there that's going to change our

43:16

thinking and we it's going to it's going

43:18

to create a a craving for that knowledge

43:20

and we are going to want to continue to

43:22

go out and explore and learn even more.

43:24

Mars is the best stop first step on that

43:27

journey. So, let's talk about getting

43:30

there and achieving some of the other

43:32

missions that we might have as a

43:34

country, as a

43:35

species, and the relationship with

43:38

private

43:39

industry. Elon believes he can get

43:42

payload into orbit for $10 per kilogram

43:44

with the Starship platform, which is,

43:47

call it a roughly 100x reduction in

43:49

cost. Yeah. Um maybe more. Maybe from

43:52

some from a depending on the point at

43:54

which you're measuring it, maybe a

43:55

thousandx reduction in cost. And that

43:58

unlocks the potential to do these things

44:00

in an economically viable way. Going to

44:02

the moon, going to

44:04

Mars.

44:06

Why shouldn't NASA be more fully

44:10

embracing of this private industry

44:13

capability? Is it because it's Elon or

44:16

is it because it reduces money going to

44:19

defense contractors? What is the

44:21

motivation against going all in on this

44:25

company SpaceX or companies like it that

44:29

have built these competencies that would

44:30

have been unfathomable just a few

44:32

decades ago but are real here today? Oh,

44:35

this is such a a deep conversation. Uh

44:39

so, um look, I I one thing I'd say is

44:42

like I obviously I love SpaceX and they

44:44

safely put me into space twice on two

44:46

awesome missions, brought me home and

44:47

I'm cheering them on. I I'm I'm happy

44:49

what SpaceX is doing. I'm thrilled about

44:51

the investments that Blue Origin's

44:52

doing, that Rocket Lab is doing, you

44:55

know, uh Firefly. So, it's a look, we

44:57

have a great industry. So, the broader

44:59

question is just why isn't why isn't

45:00

NASA leaning more into commercial? Well,

45:02

look, it's NASA's foresight that gave

45:04

birth to the commercial crew program

45:06

that enabled even me to go to space. So,

45:08

like they are thinking in that

45:08

direction, but there are politics in

45:10

play. The nice thing is is those winds

45:12

are shifting uh throughout my you know,

45:15

whole confirmation process. you know,

45:17

you are educated heavily by some very

45:19

smart political folks. Uh they sherpa

45:21

you around every senator and they were

45:23

like, look, the, you know, a year ago,

45:26

two years ago, the idea of talking to

45:28

senators that are in SLS states and

45:30

convincing them we need to be looking a

45:32

little bit more to the future with

45:33

commercial and maybe pivoting to things

45:34

like nuclear propulsion would be a

45:37

non-starter. And I'll tell you, they

45:38

were very reasonable. uh all of them

45:40

were very reasonable that they know that

45:42

you're you know this this rocket built

45:45

on 60-y old technology that's $4.5

45:47

billion a launch has an expiration date.

45:50

So I do think like that ship is turning.

45:52

It's just this isn't like a this isn't a

45:54

speedboat. The government, you know,

45:55

it's a it's turning like it's a giant,

45:58

you know, shipping container. It turns a

45:59

half a degree like a year and uh and

46:01

that's not obviously fast enough for a

46:03

lot of us. Um but I would say it's

46:05

moving in that uh that direction. And

46:07

then NASA also has to, you know,

46:09

repurpose its resources on things that a

46:11

SpaceX or Blue Origin won't do. They're

46:13

not going to put a rock, they're not

46:14

going to build a nuclear reactor and

46:15

launch it. Uh you're not going to get

46:17

the indemnities for that. Even shipping

46:20

highlyenriched uranium is a nightmare.

46:22

That is what the government should be

46:23

doing. Like so NASA should be doing what

46:25

the commercial industries can't. And

46:27

that by the way takes so much stress off

46:28

a company like SpaceX trying to get to

46:30

Mars. Like if you can minimize the

46:32

number of space-based refueling or the

46:34

insitu resource manufacturing, look,

46:36

even when a starship gets to Mars,

46:38

you're betting on like you know a 100

46:40

consecutive miracles happening to top to

46:43

mine propellant there and bring it back.

46:45

NASA should be helping. The government

46:46

should be helping with that because it

46:48

it creates a lot of other optionality.

46:49

We can have you know nuclear battle

46:51

stars in lower Earth orbit um you know

46:53

as part of uh Golden Dome. There's a lot

46:55

of reasons why you know it's not all

46:57

SpaceX all commercial versus NASA. both

47:00

totally. So just to compare last week

47:03

Space Epoch, a Chinese rocket company

47:06

completed its first sea recovery test.

47:09

So much like we saw a few years ago with

47:11

SpaceX, they had a vertical launch and

47:13

they landed back in the ocean about 125

47:16

second flight. The key question a lot of

47:18

folks are now asking, has China caught

47:20

up? Is this a space race? Why does it

47:23

matter? Because isn't space big enough

47:25

for everyone?

47:27

I mean the space is the ultimate high

47:29

ground and the high ground has mattered

47:31

you know it's had tactical and strategic

47:33

significance since like the beginning of

47:34

humankind. It matters. I was grateful to

47:37

have the opportunity to lead you know

47:38

the peaceful exploration uh of space but

47:40

it's not all peaceful like we we we

47:42

can't be naive to the fact that it has

47:44

been

47:44

weaponized and you know China leading in

47:47

this domain makes a difference. Um there

47:50

are things of scientific and economic

47:52

and again national security value out

47:54

there and we we can't we have to lead we

47:57

can't fall behind. If we fall behind we

47:58

may never catch up. So and I am

48:00

concerned about that uh you know China

48:02

moving closer to reusability. They

48:04

launch the second most uh orbital

48:06

rockets every year without reusability.

48:08

Uh you know thank goodness for for

48:10

SpaceX or or we definitely be already

48:12

behind in that regard. So um I am

48:15

concerned about it. It it it honestly it

48:17

is a race and like yeah we we the domain

48:20

is vitally important we can't fall

48:21

behind. So that gives them the high

48:24

ground with respect to weapons systems

48:26

with respect to observational platforms

48:28

sensors etc. Right. Yeah. Okay. So so

48:32

let's talk a little bit about your

48:33

nomination. You seem I would give you my

48:35

vote. You should be the administrator of

48:36

NASA. It would be amazing. Um thanks.

48:39

You testified in front of the Senate

48:41

committee on April 9th. I think it was a

48:43

19 to9 vote to move you out of

48:45

committee. Yes. Then there were reports

48:48

going into this weekend that you were

48:49

going to

48:50

be voted on by the full Senate this week

48:53

and the estimates were you were going to

48:54

get 70 confirmation votes or that was

48:57

some news report I had read. So it seems

48:58

like you were going to fly right through

48:59

and administer NASA. Um so then what

49:03

happened? So I I mean I got a call um

49:06

Friday of last week that um you know the

49:10

uh the president has decided to go into

49:11

a uh go in a different direction. Uh it

49:15

was a um uh it was a real bummer and I

49:19

uh I know like a number of parties in

49:21

government need to be notified of that

49:22

which um you know I expected to kind of

49:25

have just a peaceful weekend and the

49:27

next thing I knew on Saturday you know

49:28

it was uh there was a lot of activity on

49:30

the internet but maybe that's just like

49:32

my perspective cuz I follow space uh and

49:34

and such but it was certainly uh you

49:36

know disappointing but uh you know the

49:38

president needs to have you know his

49:40

person that you know he counts on to to

49:42

fulfill the agenda And

49:45

um yeah, I uh the person that called

49:48

you, what was what did they tell you was

49:50

the reason the president was withdrawing

49:51

his nomination? Uh just said the

49:54

president had decided to go in a

49:55

different direction. We all serve at the

49:56

pleasure of the president. Um now I mean

49:59

I started to get some more details as it

50:01

went on. I honestly also like I'm not

50:03

like I don't like play dumb on this. I I

50:06

had a pretty good idea of um you know

50:09

that um you know I don't think that the

50:11

timing was much of a coincidence uh that

50:14

you know there was other changes going

50:16

on the same day and uh you know it was

50:19

kind of uh obviously a little bit of a a

50:21

disappointment. So are you referring to

50:24

Elon?

50:26

I I just you know there was uh obviously

50:30

there was more than more than one you

50:33

know departure that was covered on that

50:35

day and um it became uh you know at

50:38

least from what I what I've heard that

50:40

it was uh there was a um you know there

50:42

was and I'm just you know I read the

50:44

news same as everybody else but I you

50:45

know had obviously was in the in DC for

50:49

the last 6 months getting ready that you

50:50

know there were some people that um you

50:53

know that had some axes to grind I guess

50:55

and uh and I was a a good visible

50:59

uh target. I know that like the the news

51:01

talks a lot about like that, you know,

51:02

Democratic donations is the cause. Um

51:05

that was not a new development. You just

51:06

Google, you can they're all public. The

51:08

New York Times published an article

51:10

saying that President Trump knew about

51:12

your Democratic donations in the past

51:14

when you received the nomination. So

51:15

that was actually not news according to

51:18

the New York Times that that was well

51:20

understood, well covered. So kind of put

51:22

the kibos on that explanation. So what

51:25

are the axis to grind or the access to

51:27

grind with Elon? Are there kind of two

51:29

factions? Whatever you can kind of

51:31

provide some color on, I think it would

51:32

be really helpful to understand because

51:34

there's a lot of speculation going on

51:35

right now and I would say some folks are

51:38

really disappointed in some of the

51:39

transitions that are taking place and

51:41

some folks are really trying to grock it

51:42

and understand it. So anything you can

51:43

do to help folks understand would be,

51:45

you know, I think helpful. You know,

51:47

first I just I want to be overwhelmingly

51:48

clear. I I I don't fault the the

51:50

president at all. I fully support him

51:52

that you know the president of the

51:53

United States you know the leader of the

51:54

free world makes a thousand decisions a

51:56

day with seconds of information. He's

51:58

got to get a lot more right than wrong.

52:00

Um so I don't I mean you know I don't

52:02

blame you know an influential adviser

52:05

coming in and saying look here's the

52:07

facts and I think we should kill this

52:08

guy and the president's got to make a

52:09

call and move on. Um I think that's

52:11

exactly uh you know kind of how it went.

52:14

Um it was not the Senate at all. Uh you

52:17

don't get floor time by the way. uh you

52:19

know there's a hundred nominees that are

52:21

like waiting for floor time. The only

52:23

way you get floor time is when a lot of

52:25

senators you know call Senator Thoon and

52:27

say this is our guy and we got to move

52:28

him along. That's how you know it's like

52:30

a high you're going to get a high vote

52:32

count. So the Senate was very fair,

52:34

really nice. I I enjoyed that

52:36

experience. I you know I think you you

52:39

got one person um and I don't know the

52:42

history on like what the trigger was or

52:44

wasn't but um you know decided to to

52:47

kind of make a move and again I don't

52:49

fault the president for it at all but

52:51

you know look in in in terms of

52:52

donations I I've always been you know

52:55

somewhat of a moderate I actually like I

52:57

am like a right leaning I I I do support

52:59

you know the president's agenda that's

53:01

why I made as big of a donation as I did

53:03

to his cause. Let me just ask for

53:05

clarity. Yeah. Sorry. Go ahead. I was

53:07

just going to say like when you fill out

53:08

your questionnaire for the Senate

53:09

committee, which is public, it asks you

53:11

to list every donation. Before you go in

53:13

front of a single senator, before you do

53:15

a hearing, you do these um prep sessions

53:17

at the White House where people pretend

53:19

to be senators and they prep you on the

53:21

donation question. So like that wasn't

53:22

new news. Might have been new to the

53:24

president at that, you know, might have

53:26

refreshed his memory perhaps, but uh

53:28

that I don't I don't think that was the

53:29

cause. I think the media has got it

53:30

pretty accurate.

53:32

So, was this a shot at Elon by someone

53:35

that is anti- Elon?

53:38

I mean, you know, people can draw their

53:41

their own conclusions, but I I think the

53:43

direction that people are going is um or

53:45

thinking on this seems seems to check

53:47

out to me. And what is the root of that?

53:49

Is it vested interest in spending that

53:52

Elon is advocating gets cut? Is it

53:55

diametrically opposed philosophical

53:57

points of view on the role of

53:58

government? What is the root anti- Elon

54:00

sentiment?

54:02

that is kind of on the other side of the

54:04

equation here. Do you think I mean I

54:06

think that the uh the people

54:07

overwhelmingly voted for the president

54:10

to go in and shrink the government and

54:12

bring about change and get rid of fraud,

54:14

waste and abuse of which I am a

54:16

thousand% behind the president and I I

54:18

believe that that's what you know Elon

54:20

and Doge was working towards. But people

54:23

also hate change. Like we all know this

54:25

and um you know people can uh be very

54:28

protective of their empire and you know

54:30

when somebody comes in you know Elon's

54:32

got a playbook and I think he knows how

54:33

to get things done. And I and I I think

54:35

you know in a lot of respects that um

54:37

that rub some people or you know what I

54:39

think that was one of you know or um had

54:41

some axes to grind. I don't know. And uh

54:44

and um you know we're just waiting. I I

54:46

I don't I you know I don't want to

54:49

speculate on all this but yeah. No, I

54:51

mean, um, I think that that you've said

54:54

enough and I I

54:58

guess you've seen the tweets from Elon

55:00

today where he was pretty negative about

55:05

the House bill that is being labeled the

55:09

big beautiful bill, making the case that

55:12

it's actually going to drive up a

55:14

government deficit to over two trillion,

55:15

two half trillion dollars a year. It

55:17

doesn't make deep enough cuts. There's a

55:20

lot of pork in there, a lot of wasteful

55:21

spending in there. And then the House

55:24

Speaker today responded to Elon saying,

55:26

"Hey, we've still got a recision bill

55:28

coming. We've still got an appropriation

55:30

bill coming where we're going to start

55:31

to fix the budget." But clearly Elon is

55:34

now getting vocal about his point of

55:37

view on this. Have you spoken with him

55:38

at all about what's going on and

55:40

government spending and his kind of take

55:43

on things as he's walked out of the

55:44

office there? Well, you know, as you

55:46

know, I kind of mentioned, I told the

55:48

Senate, too, like I've only spoken to

55:49

Elon, you know, I don't know, a couple

55:51

dozen times, most of which related to

55:53

human space flight missions, but when I

55:54

was talking to him towards the end of

55:56

last year, it it was all on government

55:58

efficiency related programs. And I think

56:01

Elon got a lot of people excited about

56:04

Doge u by making like one simple point.

56:07

The interest rate on the national debt

56:09

exceeds, you know, the DoD budget.

56:11

that's scary and it's getting worse and

56:13

we can't spend our way out of this

56:15

problem. Um, which we've grown a habit

56:17

to doing and I know he's very passionate

56:19

about it and um, you know, he sacrificed

56:22

a lot along with all the others you know

56:23

at Doge to try and bring about some

56:25

significant you know spending cuts and

56:27

then you know to see a bill come in you

56:30

know uh whatever 1,200 pages or so that

56:32

you know adds you know to the deficit I

56:35

think was pretty you know pretty

56:36

disheartening. Uh I suspect I mean I'm

56:38

not I'm not um you know I'm not in this

56:41

uh in this fight and I think like trying

56:43

to codify like you know a handful of

56:46

billions in cuts probably is you know a

56:49

drop in the in the bucket. So I can't

56:51

imagine that's too exciting.

56:54

You think he's going to get more vocal?

56:57

I I I don't I wouldn't presume to know

57:01

what goes on through his mind. Like I

57:02

said, I think he spends a lot of time

57:04

trying to solve a lot of world's

57:05

problems and and a problem for this

57:06

country and I think a lot of people

57:07

agree with it is that the um you know

57:10

this national debt is just getting way

57:12

out of hand. I mean, this has been my

57:14

case for about four years that if we

57:16

don't fix this, it eventually becomes an

57:19

intractable death spiral. And uh when

57:22

that happens, all of the wrangling we're

57:25

doing over budget, priorities, programs,

57:28

interests,

57:29

jobs are no longer

57:31

possible. It's like you're trying to

57:34

rearrange the deck chairs on the

57:35

Titanic. You don't get the choice of

57:37

what programs to fund when there is no

57:38

funding. And that's the unfortunate

57:40

iceberg we're running into. Do you think

57:42

Doge is dead? Any point of view on that?

57:46

I mean, it was interesting. You know,

57:47

obviously there was kind of the grand

57:49

exit uh this past week and then I don't

57:51

know, at least in my Twitter feed, I try

57:52

and follow a lot of the cabinet

57:53

secretaries. You know, they were all

57:54

coming out and saying, you know, Doge is

57:57

alive and well embedded inside the I you

57:59

know, I think it was more implying that

58:00

like, you know, we're going to clean

58:02

house. We're going to take care of our

58:03

own house as opposed to letting other

58:05

people help us do it. Problem is, like

58:07

we haven't been very successful at that

58:09

historically. So, I suspect going into

58:11

the midterms, people don't want to, you

58:13

know, let the other side be pounding the

58:15

table on Doge. So, I I don't know. I

58:16

mean, I look, I was I've been an

58:18

outsider nominee, so I have no idea how

58:20

it'll play out, but I I I I think that

58:22

some I imagine some people in the

58:24

government want to see it go quiet late

58:25

in the

58:26

night. Is there a deep state? And does

58:29

the deep state's like, is it too big to

58:34

break? You know, I don't I don't I don't

58:36

like know what I would classify a deep

58:38

state or not. Like there are there are

58:42

there is an absolutely bloated

58:45

bureaucracy that uh hates change uh gets

58:50

very entrenched that is happy to ride

58:52

out uh political appointees like you

58:55

know what you're gone in three four

58:57

years or you know you're or dead before

59:00

you even arrive in my case uh we'll wait

59:02

you out. So, I think there's some of

59:04

that uh and then I think there's some of

59:06

that in with actual, you know, uh

59:08

politicians and political appointees

59:10

that um uh advocate like hell for the

59:12

status quo. And some of it might be good

59:15

intended because they're just afraid of

59:17

what comes next. And you know, why um

59:20

why take a risk when you've got

59:21

something right now that supposedly

59:23

works? And I ask like, you know, what

59:25

what if that what if that comes at the

59:26

competitiveness of the nation and our

59:28

economic security? What if we get it

59:29

wrong because you weren't willing to

59:31

take some risk and and make changes? Um,

59:34

so I don't think they're necessarily all

59:36

evil, by the way. I just think some

59:38

people get very comfortable in the

59:39

status quo.

59:41

Are you going to go back to space?

59:45

I um I don't know. You know, this is

59:47

like the first time in 26 years that

59:50

I've been, you know, really kind of out

59:52

of work. Uh I'm sure I'm definitely

59:54

going to go back and help Shafor. I

59:55

won't ever rob my CEO of his

59:57

well-deserved, you know, title now. I

60:00

I'll probably be an exec chair or

60:01

something. And, you know, I got to work.

60:03

I got to have a mission. Um, but I'll

60:05

find something to to contribute to. And

60:07

man, I I love uh I love flying and I

60:09

love space and I like the philanthropic

60:12

efforts we've been doing with St. Jude.

60:13

So, I'll keep busy. Amazing. Well, look,

60:16

you're you've been, if nothing, Jared,

60:18

an inspiration to many. Uh, I appreciate

60:21

your commitment to service, your

60:23

commitment to charity, your commitment

60:24

to discovery, and uh, I want to thank

60:26

you for the time today. It's been really

60:28

great talking with you. Thank you. Oh,

60:30

thank you. I, uh, I appreciate having

60:32

the opportunity to chat.

60:35

[Music]

Interactive Summary

This video features an in-depth conversation with Jared Isaacman following the withdrawal of his nomination to lead NASA. Isaacman, a successful entrepreneur and pioneer of civilian spaceflight, discusses his background, his motivations for public service, and his critical perspectives on government bureaucracy. He highlights the need for NASA to focus on 'needle-moving' objectives like lunar and Martian exploration, emphasizing that the current bureaucratic structure and over-reliance on legacy technology hinder the nation's competitive edge in the space race against China. Isaacman also candidly addresses the speculation surrounding his relationship with Elon Musk, clarifies his political stance, and explains why he believes the current fiscal situation and government inefficiency necessitate significant structural reforms.

Suggested questions

4 ready-made prompts