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The Dollar’s Replacement Won’t Be China

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The Dollar’s Replacement Won’t Be China

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481 segments

0:00

For [music] the first time, the world's

0:02

central banks, the people who manage the

0:05

savings of entire nations, are holding

0:07

more gold than US [music] Treasuries.

0:10

Gold quietly passed American government

0:13

debt to become [music] the single

0:15

biggest asset in the world's reserves.

0:18

But this is not really a story about

0:19

gold, and it is not a promise that gold

0:22

is the future.

0:24

It is something entirely different. For

0:26

600 years, the world's money has worked

0:29

like a crown. It passes from one king to

0:33

the next. And the strange thing about

0:35

this moment is that the crown looks

0:38

ready to change [music]

0:39

hands. But when you go looking for who's

0:41

next in line, the throne is empty. There

0:44

is no crown prince. Here is what almost

0:46

no investor is pricing in. Everyone you

0:49

talk to has [music] an answer for what

0:51

might replace the dollar. They'll tell

0:53

you China, or the Euro, or some BRICS

0:56

thing, maybe Bitcoin. But almost nobody

0:58

has actually checked their work. And

1:00

when you do, when you actually run the

1:02

numbers on every candidate, you find

1:05

something the whole market is unprepared

1:07

[music] for. There is no heir.

1:11

Look, empires end, [music] reserve

1:13

currencies end, and the dollar will

1:15

eventually lose its place at the center

1:18

of the world. And anybody who tells you

1:20

the current arrangement is permanent

1:22

hasn't read much history. So, this is

1:25

not alarmist, it's just the cycle

1:27

turning.

1:28

But every other time the cycle turned,

1:31

there was a successor already standing

1:33

in the wings.

1:34

And this time the wings are empty. And

1:36

that one fact changes everything about

1:39

how this plays out. Let's start with how

1:41

this has always worked. For 600 years,

1:43

the crown has always had an heir. Right

1:45

recent history. Portugal handed off to

1:48

Spain, Spain to the Dutch, the Dutch to

1:50

France, France to Britain, and Britain

1:52

to the United States.

1:53

>> [music]

1:54

>> Roughly a century each. And every single

1:56

time, you could see the successor

1:58

standing by the side. By the time

2:00

London's reign was ending, America was

2:03

already the largest economy on Earth and

2:06

the world's biggest creditor. The crown

2:08

never leaps to a stranger. It went to

2:10

the next strongest power in the room,

2:12

the one who already controlled the trade

2:14

routes and the resources that mattered.

2:17

The understudy was already in costume.

2:19

So, today I want to go hunting for that

2:21

air, but before we do, I want to talk

2:24

about the one idea that makes sense of

2:26

everything else that's going to follow.

2:27

Okay, so here it is. Every currency on

2:30

Earth, the dollar, the euro, the yuan,

2:32

is a story that we've agreed to believe.

2:35

A dollar is worth a dollar only because

2:38

we all agree it is and because we trust

2:40

the government not to print too much of

2:43

it. Money has always been a story. So,

2:45

the real question is never which money

2:47

has real value because none of them do.

2:50

The question is whose story are you

2:52

trusting and what does that storyteller

2:55

want you to believe?

2:58

And there is exactly one thing on the

3:00

whole list that no storyteller can

3:02

rewrite. If you're at a dinner party and

3:04

you say something like the dollar is

3:06

finished, inevitably somebody may finish

3:09

your sentence for you. They'll say,

3:11

"China. China is next." It's like a

3:13

reflex, right? The world's factory, the

3:15

biggest exporter, the second largest

3:17

economy. Of course, of course China is

3:20

next after the United States.

3:22

But I'm suspicious of any answer the

3:25

whole room reaches too fast. So, here

3:28

are three reasons why I believe that's

3:30

wrong. First, you cannot be the world's

3:33

banker while the doors [music] of your

3:36

bank are locked. A reserve currency has

3:39

to be something [music]

3:40

the whole world can hold freely. They

3:42

can buy it, they can sell it, they can

3:44

move it across borders at 3:00 in the

3:45

morning without asking [music]

3:47

permission.

3:48

After decades as the the number one

3:51

exporter, of Yuan is less than 2% of

3:54

global reserves and about 3% of

3:56

cross-border payments. The dollar is

3:58

around 58% for comparison. Now, that's

4:01

not a gap, that's a canyon. But, [music]

4:04

the canyon is there on purpose. An

4:07

ordinary Chinese citizen can legally

4:09

move only about $50,000 [music]

4:12

out of the country every year. Beijing

4:14

sets the Yuan's price every morning and

4:17

lets it drift by maybe 2%. Because if

4:20

the money could leave freely, savers

4:22

could pull it all out at once and crash

4:24

the system. And that's the control that

4:26

China will never give up.

4:28

And here's the twist. China doesn't even

4:31

seem to want the job of the reserve

4:33

currency. Back in 2009, [music]

4:35

the head of its central bank said the

4:38

world leaned too hard on one country's

4:41

money. And his fix wasn't "Use ours

4:43

instead." [music] It was that the world

4:45

should run on a neutral money belonging

4:47

to no nation. He had the perfect moment

4:50

to pitch the Yuan. The world was

4:52

beginning to distrust the dollar, but he

4:54

didn't. He said no country should hold

4:56

that power, including his own. Now,

4:58

look,

4:59

I don't believe most of what politicians

5:00

say, but it is important to pay

5:02

attention to that because China is known

5:05

for dictating long-term strategy and

5:07

then holding the line on that. Now,

5:09

there's a Cornell economist named Eswar

5:11

Prasad who put it plainly in his book

5:13

called Gaining Currency: The Rise of the

5:15

Renminbi. He said as long as China keeps

5:18

its money walled off, the Yuan can win a

5:21

slice of the trade but never become the

5:23

money that the world saves in. It needs

5:26

to move freely in order for that to

5:27

occur.

5:29

Number two,

5:30

to be the world's banker, you have to

5:32

send your money out into the world.

5:34

China was built to pull it in.

5:38

In 1960, an economist named Robert

5:40

Triffin spotted the trap. If the world

5:43

runs on your money, you have to supply

5:46

it to the world, which means running

5:48

deficits permanently. America's done it

5:51

for 80 years. Those trade deficits that

5:53

everybody complains about at every

5:55

election, that's actually the rent the

5:58

US pays to keep the crown.

6:01

China is the opposite. In 2025, it ran a

6:04

current account surplus of 735 billion

6:08

dollars, the largest any nation has ever

6:10

run. To take the throne, it would have

6:12

to flip that on its head and dismantle

6:15

the exact machine that made it strong.

6:18

China seems to have looked at that

6:20

bargain and said politely, "No, thank

6:22

you."

6:23

And number three, China is aging before

6:25

it's finished climbing. When America

6:28

took the crown in 1944, it was young, it

6:30

was growing, it was the largest creditor

6:32

that the world had ever seen.

6:34

China's population peaked in 2022 and

6:37

it's now shrinking. It's working-age

6:39

population has been falling since 2015

6:41

and by 2050, the UN expects roughly 40%

6:45

of the country to be over 60 years old.

6:47

That's a society growing old before it's

6:50

finished growing rich. Every previous

6:52

heir made its leap while it was still

6:54

young, getting richer and opening its

6:56

doors. China is the reverse on all

6:59

three. It may be the first workshop in

7:01

history to grow old and stay locked up

7:04

before it ever became the bank. And if

7:07

you set China aside, the bench of heirs

7:10

gets pretty thin in a hurry.

7:12

Let's look at the euro. After the

7:13

dollar, it is the most widely held

7:16

reserve currency on Earth, about 21%.

7:19

So, it earns a serious look, but it has

7:21

a flaw the dollar doesn't. It's a

7:23

currency without a country. 20 nations

7:26

share it and each still borrows on its

7:29

own. There's no single euro bond for the

7:31

world to buy. You have to pick one

7:33

country's debt over another's. The world

7:35

wants one big safe place to park its

7:38

savings and the euro offers 20 smaller

7:40

ones. Now, we watched it nearly tear

7:42

itself apart during the debt crisis from

7:44

2009 to 2012 when tiny Greece almost

7:48

brought the whole system down. 25 years

7:50

in, its share of reserve currency has

7:53

hardly moved. Now, the yen and the

7:55

British pound come next at about 6% and

7:57

5% of reserves, respectively. But,

8:00

neither is a contender. They're just

8:02

warnings. Japan owes more than twice

8:04

everything it produces in a year, the

8:06

heaviest debt load in the developed

8:08

world. To survive the interest bill, its

8:11

central bank pins rates down by force

8:13

and has bought up nearly half of its own

8:15

government debt to do it. The yen has

8:17

been sliding for years and a shrinking,

8:19

aging population, and that's not a

8:22

country reaching for the crown, all

8:23

right? It's one showing the rest of us

8:25

what the end of the road looks like, not

8:27

the beginning. And the pound, quite

8:29

frankly, it's the same story in a

8:31

smaller size. But, what about a BRICS

8:33

currency? I hear this one a lot. Maybe

8:35

it's the the one I get asked about the

8:37

most, but history is blunt here.

8:39

Monetary unions without political union

8:43

don't ever survive. The Latin Monetary

8:45

Union tied France, Belgium, Italy, and

8:48

Switzerland together from 1865 to the

8:51

1920s. And the Scandinavian Union,

8:53

founded in 1873, was gone by 1924. And

8:57

these countries that made up those

8:59

unions, they were neighbors, they shared

9:01

borders, and they shared culture, and

9:03

they still came apart at the first real

9:05

shock. When you look at BRICS, what do

9:07

you see? You see India and China. They

9:10

have soldiers killing each other as

9:12

recently as 2020 in the Galwan Valley.

9:14

They're open rivals. India has said

9:16

flatly they don't want a common

9:18

currency. No shared central bank, no

9:20

shared treasury, no shared culture, no

9:23

shared law. A common currency is a

9:25

marriage. You You got to trust your

9:27

partner with your savings for life.

9:29

BRICS is not a marriage. It's a

9:31

networking event with a photo op. And

9:33

look, leverage for sure from a trade

9:35

standpoint, not a reserve currency, very

9:38

different things. Now, there's another

9:40

that a lot of you are bullish on and for

9:42

good reason, and I'm talking about

9:44

stablecoins. You're not wrong to be

9:46

bullish on stablecoins. They may be the

9:48

most important monetary innovation in a

9:51

generation.

9:52

So, let me explain it real quick. A

9:53

stablecoin is a digital token meant to

9:56

always be worth $1. Now, a private

9:59

company holds one real dollar or a

10:02

dollar equivalent in US Treasuries

10:04

behind each stablecoin it issues. So, it

10:07

moves like crypto, but it's stable like

10:10

a dollar. You can send money anywhere in

10:13

seconds, as easy as sending a text

10:15

message, with no bank in the middle.

10:17

>> [music]

10:17

>> And that's a real advantage. But, here's

10:19

the thing. The company that issues that

10:21

stablecoin can also freeze it on its own

10:25

or on government order. And the dollars

10:28

behind it still sit inside the US

10:30

financial system, where they can be

10:32

frozen, too.

10:33

>> [music]

10:33

>> So, a stablecoin doesn't free you from a

10:36

dependence on America and their monetary

10:38

policy, it adds a second party to trust

10:42

on top [music] of it. It's still a

10:44

dollar. Now, a faster, smarter dollar

10:46

that may stretch the dollar's lifespan,

10:49

but it does not replace it. So, once

10:51

you've actually checked the work, you

10:53

end up where I keep ending up and kept

10:56

resisting, quite frankly, because it

10:57

sounds

10:58

a bit stranger than it is. What if we've

11:00

been asking the wrong question this

11:02

whole time? Every answer history ever

11:05

handed us was a country, a flag, a

11:07

capital city with a mint. That's where

11:10

the currency would go.

11:11

So, we go looking for the next flag and

11:13

we come up empty and we conclude that

11:15

nothing can replace the dollar. But, the

11:17

rule, honestly, was never it has to be a

11:19

nation. The rule was it has to be

11:21

something the whole world trusts to

11:24

settle its debts. And there is exactly

11:27

one asset that belongs to no government,

11:29

carries no one's promise, can't be

11:32

printed by a rival or frozen by an

11:34

enemy, and it's been accepted everywhere

11:37

on Earth for longer than any of those

11:39

flags have existed. So, many of you know

11:42

where I'm going with this. I'm talking

11:44

about gold, but this is not uh gold bug

11:47

sermon, because gold is not the answer,

11:49

okay? Let me explain. At the end of

11:52

2008, gold was about 9% of global

11:55

reserves, a single-digit afterthought,

11:57

sort of on par with where the yen or the

12:00

sterling are today.

12:02

By 2024, that number had jumped to 16%,

12:05

and by the end of 2025, roughly 27%, now

12:09

passing US Treasuries as the single

12:12

largest holding in the world's central

12:15

banks. Now, I know the reflex. The

12:18

second anybody says gold, half the room

12:21

rolls their eyes at the gold bug and

12:23

tunes out. Now, that that is not me, but

12:26

I get it, and here's why. Gold is

12:28

useless. You can't eat it. It pays no

12:31

interest. It is a soft metal that sits

12:33

in a vault and does nothing. Its entire

12:36

value rests on back to that, one shared

12:40

belief.

12:41

But, if we're going to be consistent, we

12:43

have to run that same test on everything

12:45

else, right? The dollar, as mentioned,

12:47

is also just a belief. So are the euro,

12:50

the yen, the yuan. You can't eat any of

12:52

them, either. The only difference is

12:54

that gold is the one belief on that list

12:57

that an author cannot spontaneously

12:59

print more of or confiscate. And this

13:03

isn't just my opinion. In 2022, the US

13:06

and its allies froze over 300 billion

13:09

dollars of Russia's foreign reserves in

13:12

response to the invasion of Ukraine. And

13:14

that afternoon, every finance minister

13:16

on Earth learned the same lesson. An

13:18

asset held inside someone else's system

13:21

is not really your asset. And that's why

13:25

that same year, central banks bought

13:27

more gold than in any year since 1950

13:31

and they have not stopped.

13:33

Even Washington is saying the quiet part

13:36

out loud. The US Treasury Secretary

13:38

Scott percent recently stated, we are at

13:40

a unique moment geopolitically. There is

13:43

a very good chance we're going to have

13:45

some kind of grand global economic

13:47

reordering. Something on the equivalent

13:49

of a new Bretton Woods or the Treaty of

13:52

Versailles over the next four years. He

13:55

said this in 2024. The man in charge of

13:58

the dollar is openly talking about

14:00

rebuilding the system and the central

14:02

banks are voting

14:04

with their vaults. So, let's jump into

14:06

some of this arithmetic. The supply of

14:08

gold is essentially fixed. Nobody can

14:11

print it. It takes a lot of time and

14:13

energy to mine. Meanwhile, the biggest,

14:15

least price sensitive buyers on the

14:17

planet, being central banks, are buying

14:19

it at a record pace. Fixed supply, huge

14:22

demand. There's only one direction the

14:25

price can go and it's gone that way.

14:26

Look at the tape. Gold has more than

14:28

doubled since 2022 from about $1,800 an

14:31

ounce to more than 4,000 today.

14:35

That is not a metal suddenly becoming

14:36

more useful, by the way. That is trust

14:39

draining out of the system in real time.

14:42

That's what the gold price truly

14:44

reflects. So, let me be clear about what

14:46

gold is and what gold isn't. I am not

14:48

here to crown a new king. That is the

14:51

gold bug sermon and it misreads the

14:54

whole thing. Gold is not the heir who

14:57

finally steps out of the wings. Gold is

14:59

what the world reaches for when it looks

15:01

at the wings and finds them empty.

15:05

And the first thing an empty stage tells

15:07

you is the it's the opposite of doom. A

15:10

king with no rival does not get

15:12

overthrown next Tuesday because there is

15:15

no successor ready and no country

15:17

willing to do the job, the dollar will

15:19

hold its place far longer than the

15:21

loudest pundits will claim. And And

15:24

that's why I'm not ringing alarm bells.

15:27

The dollar won't fall off a cliff. I do

15:29

believe it's going to die by inches, but

15:30

that's a slow death, right? Now, gold

15:33

will never be the world's everyday money

15:35

because it's slow, and the world needs

15:37

money that moves fast. Gold isn't the

15:40

next act, but I do believe it is the

15:43

intermission. Now, what comes after

15:46

anybody's guess, most likely a hybrid.

15:48

Trade priced in several currencies at

15:50

once, debt settled in part by a neutral

15:53

asset, maybe gold that no government

15:55

controls. You can already see the shape

15:57

of it, right? Central banks hold

15:59

dollars, euros, and gold side by side.

16:01

China's own banker called for a neutral

16:03

money back in 2009, and with the

16:05

Shanghai Gold Exchange, they are

16:07

offering the world an option to buy in

16:09

yuan and settle in gold, and maybe

16:12

that's the future. The first Bretton

16:13

Woods was a hybrid, too. Currencies

16:15

anchored to gold.

16:17

But, that's a direction, not a

16:18

destination. And all those ideas are

16:20

just speculation. Nobody is rewriting

16:23

the system tomorrow. And that's what the

16:25

gold price really tells us. Central

16:27

banks don't trust the rules of the

16:29

current game being played any longer.

16:32

So, they've stepped off the field until

16:34

the new rules become clear. Stepping off

16:36

the field in money speak is gold. So,

16:39

the rising price of gold isn't really a

16:41

story about gold. It's like a

16:42

thermometer, and the temperature is

16:44

climbing. The number going up isn't gold

16:46

getting more useful, it's trust leaking

16:49

out of the system.

16:50

And as long as that price keeps

16:51

climbing, the world has not yet agreed

16:54

on what comes next. That's the gauge to

16:57

watch, not because gold is the

16:59

destination, because it tells you how

17:01

far we are still from finding one. So,

17:04

for the last 600 years, since the rise

17:06

of the Portuguese Empire and what we

17:08

might be able to call the first sort of

17:10

world reserve currency,

17:12

the question was always the same, which

17:14

country would come next? And the strange

17:15

thing that we have to sit with today is

17:17

that the honest answer might be none.

17:19

There's no crown prince, maybe not for a

17:21

long time.

17:22

So, what happens next is uncertain. When

17:25

you're uncertain what's around the

17:26

corner, you want to hedge your bets. And

17:28

that's why central banks all over the

17:30

world are hedging theirs.

17:32

I think the dollar has a long run ahead

17:35

of it, but not a positive one. Not one

17:37

you want to sit on and ride. It's going

17:39

to go the wrong direction. It will die a

17:40

slow death because there's no natural

17:43

successor.

17:44

Central banks have picked up on this.

17:46

They believe that story to be true even

17:48

if they don't know what comes next. When

17:50

you don't trust the existing system, but

17:52

you're not sure where you're going next,

17:54

gold is the asset you want to sit on,

17:56

and that's why central banks are sitting

17:59

on it in numbers we haven't seen for

18:02

nearly a century.

18:04

But, as always, honest question, what am

18:07

I missing? Let me know in the comments.

18:09

If you enjoy my content, my name is Jay

18:10

Martin, and this is the Jay Martin Show.

18:13

I publish here every Saturday, and I

18:15

love doing it. If you enjoyed this, do

18:17

me a favor. Click subscribe, hit like,

18:20

but most importantly, share this video

18:23

with a friend, somebody that you believe

18:25

needs to see it. That's all for today.

18:27

I'll see you next week.

Interactive Summary

This video explores the shifting landscape of global reserve currencies, highlighting a significant historical anomaly: while the US dollar's dominance is waning, there is no clear successor ready to take the 'crown' of the reserve currency. Historically, every major reserve currency transition saw a clear heir, but today, potential candidates like China (the Yuan), the Euro, and BRICS face insurmountable structural or political challenges. Instead of a new nation-state currency, central banks are increasingly accumulating gold, not necessarily as a new reserve standard, but as a neutral asset hedge amidst declining trust in the existing monetary system and geopolitical uncertainty.

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