our next speaker is actually fortunate

enough to have had seen his brand name

turn into a verb one of the probably

most fific Executives in this current

generation is mesh Aurora the Big Daddy

of the cyber security space these guys

are really at the Forefront of the

industry there are very few people who

consistently time and time again find a

way to just persevere be relevant NES is

one of those people this is a man who

has tremendous insight into technology

he helped turn Google into the dominant

player in search this is the most

Innovative industry in the world who

were constantly paranoid from an

innovation perspective I've got to be in

my toes because once we figured out how

they did it last time they're trying a

new way to do it next time this is the

country where your dreams come true and

if you go around the world and you ask

young people where do they want to go

they still want to come to America I

think this is one of the most successful

democracies in the world this is where

capitalism thrives all right ladies and

gentlemen niora

guy appreciate you thanks for

coming David David how are you what's up

BR

um let me just do this intro properly

look at all the phones go up

wow you joined Google in 2004 although

there was a nice prolific buildup to

that career but you joined in 2004 you

left in

2014 um you started in ad sales and you

left as the SVP and chief business

Officer of Google Revenue went from 3

billion I checked this actually just to

make sure cuz I have it's staggering to

66 billion when you left and then you

because we're going to talk about that

and then you got seduced to go work with

Masa yoshian at soft Bank where you're

Vice chairman and president yeah that

must have been interesting Jason has a

look at

Jason he's looking

ATP so many good questions um there we

go but then you left yes and look I've

known you for a long time we've been

very good friends for a long time I was

surprised because I got you know you

called and you're like hey I'm going to

be SE chairman and CEO of Paulo Alto

networks and I had known what it was but

I didn't really understand uh and then

meanwhile in the last what's it been

seven years six and a half six and a

half years um market cap is up by 5x you

took a 20 billion company it's 110

billion as it stands I think you've

tripled Revenue um so this is clearly no

longer luck so now you're you're in the

skill Camp oh good um I'm in founder

mode no founder mode is cocaine I was

wondering when

that I was going I was wondering founder

mode on you no he has to fly to Europe

you cannot bring founder mode no waffles

on the plane no waffles on the you can

get founder mode in Europe though heard

start let let's just start and just um

actually let's just start there okay um

you've seen a lot of different

Executives You' played a lot of

different roles you've seen Founders

you've advised a lot of Founders tell us

what what what takes what what does it

take to be successful and you can use

these labels or not founder mode manager

mode whatever it is but what does it

take to figure things out

consistently look um I think you already

put that out there didn't you didn't you

say that uh if you think about building

great businesses at the center of great

businesses great products if you don't

have a great product you're not going to

build a great business for the long term

and this is something I know Serge is

here I learned that with Larry and

Sergey at Google that they were obsessed

about product on a constant basis so

when I came to my job I said the first

thing I'm to focus on is build a great

product but I think it's slightly

different in consumer and Enterprise in

consumer you build a great product you

find the fly wheeel you try and figure

out how the fly continues to work an

Enterprise eventually you take a great

product you got to figure out how to get

it out to all the amazing customers out

there so I think it requires a

tremendous amount of focus tremendous

amount of um sort of detail inspection

but I think at the same time you got to

find a way of taking lots of amazing

people getting them on the same train

and getting them to execute at scale

it's impossible for one human being to

do that at scale so you have to have a

lot of people doing it amazingly well

that's the trick tell tell us about that

first that first story or that version

of that story inside of Google because

you were there for a long time and a lot

of good things happened what was that

like what did you learn look Google has

one of the best flywheels there is in

the consumer space right so we were

blessed that we're working with a

product that nobody had ever seen

everybody wanted to use and it's funny

like every one of us worries about

customer support he didn't need it it

was an amazing simple product easy to

use free and our job was to go monetize

advertising so part of that was how do

you scale that around the world in every

country where there is a single product

with a single use case where you have to

see how you can attract lots of

advertisers and that requires building a

system how you get thousands of people

around the world to build a system and

execute so

you build a system you build a

programmatic system you look at stuff

you inspect and you have really amazing

people who gotten do their best that

they can and when you're doing that and

the thing is growing so fast what is the

what has to happen for you to go from

running Europe I think is how you

started to being the head of business

there what does that take well you know

it was such an amazing Juggernaut that

you had to figure out how to

differentiate and what is interesting

cuz when I joined Google was

24% of global Revenue when I moved to

the US it was

49% and in Europe yes in this one of the

few tech companies in the world whose

European Revenue was higher than the US

revenue for a brief period of time so I

think somebody

noticed and what what happens you get

the call and you're like we need you to

move to America yeah I was uh I was on a

trip to Russia trying to open an office

there which had to be shut down at some

point in time for a bit um and I got a

call from Eric Schmidt and he said your

boss is retiring we'd like you to come

here here and do what he does that was

it um and so why what then motivates you

to leave a job like that because you're

you're kind of then at the top of the

Pinnacle you see everything you're

meeting

everybody I guess uh I wanted more I

wanted to do more get involved sort of

the overall business wanted to do some

product work as well I didn't have

product jobs at Google I've seen as a

sales guy at P all I do is product for

the first six years of my life yeah so

do be able to go out and do that

differently but I had to take a brief

Soldier on to my Japanese trip lots of

good sushi and lots of it was a great

vacation let's talk about it oh come on

it wasn't a vacation well great surger

but I mean it this was the largest

Venture fund ever created $100 billion

and you have this Mercurial

brilliant individual masi yoshian and um

he starts placing bets in a way that

we've never seen what was the genius in

that and what was the the Achilles

heal look um Masa is one of those people

whose risk appetite grew as he grew

older and you mention that because that

is a very unique thing it usually goes

think about I have two young kids and

every time you know I'm constantly

trying to drisk them saying hey be

careful when you cross the road be

careful when you do this you get married

people tell you be careful buy a house

go settle down so we're constantly

drisking Our Lives as we get older on a

constant basis all of us do it we don't

realize we do it right Mas is the

opposite the older he gets like come on

let's go all in he's like you guys right

he wants to go all in so he's like N I

have a great idea we'll put a billion

we'll borrow 19 billion I'm how does

that work again all you got is a billion

yeah I have one great idea a billion in

19 billion that's what he did that's how

he buil SoftBank Japan I think he was

the richest man in the world for 88 days

in the last internet boom then he was

left with a billion dollars unbelievable

from scratch again so yes un so there

were a series of incredible bets yes

maybe walk us through some of those bets

because there was Nvidia there was arm

so all those happened after I left but

that's and then you had arm happen after

you left that was where we kind of you

know unpack it sorry unpack that uh

unpack

this

uh well Masa likes a trillion he likes

the number one trillion yes

so okay it's a good number it's better

than a billion beats a billion it beats

it is greater than a billion it's

greater than a billion last day Check

Yes um and when I met him the first time

after we' done a deal at Google he was

uh you know we met when he was

uh he came to see Larry Sergey and Eric

and said I'd like to do a search deal

with you I have yaho Japan I try to

explain to him there's something called

like you can't have two search engines

both powered by Google in Japan and to

say you can as long as the advertising

systems are different so if you look in

Japan today Yahoo Japan is powered by

Google and Google's powered by Google

but the advertising systems are

different hence it's non-competitive so

he got that done and then he's uh says

to me showed me this plan he was going

to buy a lot of companies in Telecom and

get to $100 billion in iida which at 10

times iida would be a trillion

dollar okay so then that kind of fizzled

out he lost interest after a while and

then his next idea was to raise I think

it was 1 2 3 4 100 200 300 and 400

billion dollars yes for the vision fund

so that'll make a

trillion on a second let's we're doing

that yeah that's a trillion dollars one

two three four yeah yeah you know it's

interesting and then like he had the

whole portfolio companies and there's a

bunch of Japanese analysts who sit in

the office MBS from University of Tokyo

and eventually they took all the

business we had and forecast their fee

cash flow at the end where the DCF was a

trillion so he was good at setting goals

so he thought arm was going to be a

trillion dollar company got it um we

were let me ask do you think the was the

mistake not the mistake is is it about

being financially oriented as opposed to

product or impact oriented is there an

orientation thing there where if money

is the goal it becomes a lot harder to

achieve versus well I look money is a

way to keep track it's not the goal that

was the way he kept track I get it but

you know he was not financi unit as much

as he went by his gut he you know it's

like many Founders when he believed in

it he was all in he totally believed in

it and sometimes to a fault and you saw

that one thing I did learn from which is

very fascinating is you know like a

person who's like used to getting things

wanting to get things right I'd make an

investment with him and then be one

investment say [ __ ] that's not going let

me go and talk to the company help them

help them fix it we can get them up and

run he calls me S one day this Nik

you're spending too much time with the

mistake

he said if you go spend that time with a

company that's growing at three times

they can grow at six times we'll make

our money up six times in that company

instead of you trying to fix that from

half back to one so it's kind of

interesting you know that's an

incredible lesson

actually cut sunken cost I mean there's

a million ways to say it but you have to

let your winners ride you got to focus

on the winners go all in on the winers

go all on the it's hard to do it's hard

to say oh my God I made a mistake you go

and say I can fix it I'm good I'm going

to Sal

yeah that's an e problem that's a

Hubert's problem I don't want to have a

mistake on my record or a good person

wants to help the founder you know

realize their vision and the Cutthroat

nature of this with the power law is

such that six Xing something that was at

3x is much much more likely than getting

a zero to a one do you do you apply that

principle it's an operator and if so

like how at P Alto networks look uh in

the last 6 and a half years I've got 19

companies right we can show the you can

the slides we got slid we got some

slides that just here's your stock good

job thank

you it's not bad go back let's see if

you go back it's go back a second back y

what's the market cap now 110 billion

110 billion yeah that's where they and

when you started it was at 20 20 20 what

you're seeing here is um the um economic

principle of uh founder

mode okay and the re the revenue and the

uh operating income yum yum which so how

do you how do you look at something like

this when you were first approached for

the job how do you underwrite the job

like what are you looking at and you

said you you I mean you spent the last

six and a half years in product did you

see a product that just it was was it

missing something that's the thing I

want to hear about it like did you go

all in on one or two brok that was

always the Steve Jobs model was pick the

winner and go all in on it get rid of

all the other stuff does that principle

apply here or no this is slightly

different principle look yeah it's $180

billion industry on an annual basis the

largest market share was one and a half%

which is us and it's a sub sector of

Technology the most amount of

fragmentation you look around you know

bennyhoff I think is going to be here

builds builds a platform for Salesforce

you have service now you have work dat

there is no cyber security platform you

sit there and say this is a phenomenal

opportunity one two it's a company

that's fully public so I don't have to

deal with voting controls and Founders

who I have to deal with which have

different mod motivations um it's a

Evergreen sector there more we get

connected the more people want to hack

the more you're going to connect it the

more data is there for people to take

away so you're not going to have a

demand problem yeah sadly if you can go

into sector where there's no demand

problem you can look at it and say what

did everybody get wrong so well

everybody sort of lived in their swim

Lane so we were in our swim Lane we did

one thing there are five swim Lane in

cyber security in six years we looked

forward and said where is the world

going to it's going to the cloud there's

a bunch of AI that was our sort of

plastics moment cloud and AI so we said

let's not go reinvent the past so one of

the things I also learned during you

know my time at Google and Masa is like

a lot of people get hung up in trying to

make the stuff work assuming everything

around you is going to stay the same so

say now we're just going to focus that

assume that 50% of the world is in the

public Cloud what's security going to

look like then assume latency is low you

can process in the cloud data storage is

cheap what's going to change so we built

for that we bought 19 companies we went

and looked at how everybody does m&a and

who failed oh what did you learn from

that well we learned that people things

trade at a price for a reason so very

often people say you know what ah number

one is a billion dollars number four is

$200 million I can take $200 million and

clean it up and fix it it's at 200 for a

reason and the billions of billion of

Reason they'll still be around yes so

why don't we guy the buy buy buy the guy

who's got who's worth a billion dollars

we'll be number one we'll be leading the

market we have brute force that go to

market we'll go use that and we're

probably going to slow them down a

little bit because they're a larger

company so we'll compensate for slowdown

with go to market that we bring to them

and we'll let them lose so we're the

only company where when we acquired

companies there a funny story is I got a

guy who says oh great we're buying a

company in Cloud security I'm the senior

vice president of blockchain cloud and

AI I'm like great welcome to your new

boss it's like what do you mean I said

that's the guy going to work for like we

just bought his company I said yeah he

kicked your ass with low resources out

there in the market you're going to

learn something from him there you go

Welcome to New York boss well you

know there is an analogy you uh share a

passion for basketball as well I see you

all the time at the Warriors game and I

I I don't think this is a jump to say

watching that team play and how they

manage talent and play as a team

definitely informed how you play the

game yeah that not lately but yes in the

past but look we've done that 19 times

we had seven out of 10 we've gotten

right and we still possibly have the

most number of Founders who still work

for palal yeah actually can you explain

that so when you buy a company isn't the

typical motivation wait till I Cliff

it's a year and then most people just

Vose they're gone no no so here's how it

works if you come to palal we'll take

your Equity away first we like I'm going

to give you back one and a half times of

equity if you stay with me for 3 years

oh wow to the founder yes okay wait a

second so the founder owns let's say

it's a100 million a billion dollar

company they own 20% they got 200

million you say hey stay again I'll give

you 300 million right got to work for me

for three years pretty good because when

you buy a company you're buying a half

half a product and a full vision ah

right I lose the vision part of it I get

half a product right that's how much of

the success is predicated on the engine

at paloalto networks to drive sales to

sell into the Enterprise how much do you

come in and then the founder feels like

there's an interference model now that's

like how are you getting in my way and

so how do you manage that balance so

what happens is like look the customers

in security want the best product that's

why everybody lived in their swim Lanes

we said we got to be in multiple swim

Lanes to be in multiple swim Lanes with

multiple people saying I've got great

products you know in Enterprise there's

this bizarre thing called Magic

quadrants which Gardner has and your you

your badge of honor is you're on the top

right which is the leader cordant in in

Garder when I joined p in two we're in

24 right now in the top right so now

when you go to customer saying hey I got

some great products you're going to sell

me some good and some bad like you know

you pick there's all 24 are in the top

right and they all work together better

so for that we need the founders

building the product and staying there

yeah they do feel a little sometimes

they feel like they're being directed

but there's also another rule I had a

wonderful conversation with the founder

which was my first acquisition and I

think we didn't set the bit right so we

had to fix it in future deals SP the

founder reasonable amount of money

probably $850 million to the company he

had about $150 million he was going to

get2 200 then he comes into my office

and say Cas I had a

problem um I think we should do it this

way you're telling us to do it this

way because this way is the way it's

going to work for us he's like yeah but

when I came here you know with my

company I said oh wait a minute I said

have you ever sold a house it's like

yeah I said who decides what and you you

get to St in it who decides what color

the wall is going to be painted the new

owner the new owner of course I said

Thank

you so he stayed there he really liked

us and he stayed for three years he made

two and a half times that money he got

but from then on we changed the game

when we acquire a company we set the

founder down say okay the lawyers will

do their thing you're going to sit in my

head of product and design a product

strategy we both agree

on yeah so we don't buy a company until

we have a joint agreed product strategy

with the founder now in Cisco Oracle

Salesforce they've all kind of had this

m&a Playbook that they claim is part of

their engine of success how

differentiated is it for you what do you

what's kind of the biggest contrast for

your playbook versus those Eng biggest

contrast for us is we like to buy

product which we can integrate and sell

to customers we have a go to market

engine we like to keep it the way it is

I think if I'm going to buy a company at

8 to 10 times Revenue I'm just

overpaying for customers and sales I

have all the customers already why would

I pay 8 to 10 times Revenue to buy a

customer I already have it on a

different product so I'd rather buy the

product use my go to market capabilities

go sell them to the customer base unless

I can take the two companies merge them

and I can make it worth 16 times if you

you you as an investor can buy both our

companies enjoy yourself why would I

have to pay a premium to buy it at 8

times Revenue so we're very clear we

don't want to buy customer bases we want

to buy products which we can integrate

and sell into our customer base let's

talk a little bit about the threats that

are out there in the modern world how

they're evolving with artificial

intelligence obviously can be used on

both sides of the um of this competition

to see who can protect information and

then who can steal it who are the actors

what's the motivation today and how are

they coordinating because it feels like

there is now this

new um uh Allegiance between American

hackers very young anonymous

working with to do the social

engineering working with some Brute

Force tools out of China Russia other

places um who who's orchestrating these

very large um you know hacks that

occurred at the casinos recently and

then we can get into how should our

government if at all be thinking about

stopping these and partnering with

corporate America um and to neutralize

these threats because some of them are

are involving the governments of these

countries yeah so I think look if you

trace the history of cyber hacking we

had these big hacks which used to take

30 or 50 days to figure out people were

doing them as a hobby you'd think of

your notion of a hacker was some kid

sitting in their parents' basement who

didn't get out of there on his little

you know PC trying to hack this and

trying to get all the data out of there

and then suddenly people discovered wait

I can get better than this right because

it was usually to prove it's a badge of

honor oh I hacked into this database or

I hacked in there I got in there you

guys aren't strong enough now as the

world got more connected what happens

was people says wait why am I wasting my

time hacking one user one company at a

time let me go after a piece of supply

chain if I hack The Exchange Server

everybody uses an exchange server is

fair game if I hack a agent or not an

antivirus I can get everybody's computer

if I hack you know a large email

provider I can have access to every

dissident email which is when nation

states got involved nation state said

wait a minute if I got want data why

bother hacking one person let me go hack

the back end and get in let me Gmail yes

more effective so when that began to

happen began to happen nation states

started getting Wasing that's

interesting if I can if I can do that I

can destabilize Nations I can get data

about other people that I want so that

became a bit of a nation state activity

now cyber security offenses is way

easier than defense the defense you got

to right 100% of the time offens is

going to find one door so so put that

aside then what happen on top of that is

that nation state started cultivating

these entrepreneurs and the hacking

World saying listen that's how you keep

your skills up to date if you go after

stuff we'll look the other way while

we're going and doing it because if we

need you we' have found a way and then

we discovered this notion wait there's

tremendous economic value now in hacking

so we can ran somewhere people when to

says you and there's like a magic number

they ask for $30 million or less because

that's director's liability

insurance wait sorry sorry sorry when

when you get when you get hacked for

ransom 30 million is what is what

companies can give you where it's

covered by Insurance oh it's covered by

Insurance purely working backwards from

that

policy huh so there's about $2 billion

that's been paid in the last 12 months

on ransomware wow wow that if you think

here's here's the anatomy of a hack

right somebody says I found a solar wind

server it's hackable so they some set of

guys go quickly and plant themselves at

1,800 solar wind servers which are

exposed to the internet then there's a

separate industry sub Subs segment they

sell it to saying listen I'm only in the

seating business you can go run Ransom

as a Ser ransomware as a service

negotiations with customers wow that's

their go- to Market yes say they go to

market amplification to system

integration yes yeah and then there's a

third set of people who are payment

clearing people say I'll collect the

money I I know how to process $30 milon

bit oh my go so sophisticated this is so

sophisticated and where are they

geographically like where is it all over

everywhere everywhere everywhere where

extradition treaties are

light and uh Are there specific foreign

Nationals that it mooved to

jurisdictions to do this is this

like there's there's a lot of people in

the world out there who do this and

they're hard to find and remember think

about the

enforcement like where are you going to

go go to your local police station

you're freaking me

out somebody takes a million doll away

from your bank account who you going to

local police guy says actually sir this

looks like somebody in Greece yeah do

you know our our our like panic attack

yeah let me let me shift the

conversation I want to talk about AI for

a second cuz you mentioned it as well

um but I want to first ask it to you

more as just a smart Observer of the

market you're in the market you've

invested in a bunch of companies as well

um what's the state of

AI take it however you want whever yes I

mean look what's interesting is I think

a lot of people are chasing llms and I

think there's a very well established

expectation out there these llms will

get smarter and smarter inflence will

come latency will go down uh cost to

deploy cost to train will all come down

so the good news is we've seem to have

established a nicely competitive space

out there between all these people that

you can expect some sort of economic

rationality to Trail and a lot of people

are sort of investing a lot of dollars

to get it there and thanks to Mark

Zuckerberg throwing out open source

models he keeps them honest and fair

everywhere around there so we'll all get

access to to these models but for the

most part as you get into the

application of these models I think the

world changes in consumer Enterprise in

consumer you got to figure out how these

models are going to translate into

consumer services and make them better

and you can see that the question is do

we get a whole new Google that's formed

or a whole new Facebook that's created

or do the existing players move fast

enough to embody sort of to to embed AI

in there and our hooks those Services

have to us are so strong that we don't

shift yeah our usage yeah so let's spark

that for a second we'll go go back there

in a minute on the Enterprise side it's

not useful unless you can train on my

data and you'll disc 90% of companies

has bad

data 90% of companies like how do you

solve this from I don't know I don't

know how I fix the last firewall that

broke down if I don't have that data and

if I don't have 10 good instances how do

I make it work in the 11th instance so

we're all busy refactoring our data

figuring out how to collect good data on

the Enterprise side which is going to

happen it's all the easy stuff that

Sebastian will tell clar I've got it

figured out I'm going to answer

questions those are easy questions how

much balance do I owe you when do I owe

you can I pay you tomorrow no you have

to pay me today that even in iBot can

answer that question right but it's very

hard to say my firewall broke down I

don't know what happened how do I fix it

CU I need a lot of data so I think on

Enterprise side a lot of companies have

to do a lot of work to get their data

sorted and that's in process what we've

done is we stimulated all of us to go

out and get that figured out on the

consumer side it's going to be very

interesting I think we can all imagine a

future which says hey my favorite phone

or favorite Hardware device or favorite

interface go book me a ticket to Geneva

which I'm going after this and book me a

a restaurant and a hotel room now you

just in your brain said wait wait wait

wait I just did booking.com I did open

table and I did

hotels.com now we're going to see this

happen who's going to control the user

interface and whose agent is going to

talk to who right try telling any of the

existing app guys that listen suppressor

UI I'm just going to send you an API

call send it back to me I'll control the

data about the consumer yeah let's see

how far that lasts I mean that's yeah

might you're just handing over your

business to them yeah well then what's

going to happen one or two things happen

that always happens right these people

become the Legacy players and you'll

have new companies that are formed which

are agent based only it's like you know

yeah half your fortune is better than

none yeah so if I start a company

tomorrow I would say listen I only have

an agent that does Airline bookings just

pay me 20% I'm good I don't need a

brand what happens then so I think

there's going to be I think there's

going to be much more upheaval in the

consumer space than anyone of us realiz

this I think 5 million apps will be

redesigned in the next 10 years they'll

all become agents right the ones that

want to survive will do that first but

it's very hard yeah your margins my

opportunity I guess is the way we say it

in the industry yes yes but it's very

hard can you try going to any of these

large branded apps that sit on

everybody's phone and say listen shut it

off yeah become a service provider of

data they would they would just talk to

Siri just talk to whatever whatever it

is yeah and we'll get it done for you

um Ai and attacks and sophistication of

the attacks that

occur how how often does human factors

fishing tricking people come into play

these days and and how much of that can

is going to be exacerbated by AI deep

fakes Etc oh the attacks are most simple

most simple explain you know uh we had a

whole B Des company uh and they do this

is a thing they said listen we're going

to penetrate your defenses it's not not

possible it's just impossible we're

going to figure it out the guy goes in

the morning 8:00 at the parking lot

drops a bunch of USB T sticks with

little tape on it taks my home videos oh

my god wow he drops about 25 of them six

of them log in with the USB stick in the

computer in the office they're in oh my

God [ __ ] oh my God so great oh my so I

don't know if you need to go like get a

battery RAM and break your door do this

is It's human behavior human behavior

it's like and they possibly said

something more colorful than my home

videos on that but I'm just going to

keep it PG here right so you can decide

at what point in time your curiosity

with a

z that got 100% yeah so it's like these

are not heart attacks like you know

there's we had a we sent an email out

there we saying National Pet Day please

take a picture of your fluffy pet at

home and upload it to with his website

and the person who does it will give

$10,000 to the SPCA oh my God you seen

the beautiful fuzzy pictures uploaded to

this hacking site where we had all your

details all the IP addresses everything

yes everything no no you had to actually

add to your username oh godword and

there's things like is your pet so

wonderful that he used their name as a

password yeah let's what's your pet's

name love it let's uh love it let's F so

great this is not hard you don't need

like you know use cyber security sensors

to block this stuff uh okay wait flip it

around for a second there's something

going on I don't know if you read you

probably did uh there's a there's a an

explosion of deep fake porn in South

Korea going on right now that's not my

area of specialization

no you guys you guys might know more

about that heard from a friend I don't

have time for that kind of stuff no no I

met more he read on Twitter and jam

search for and there wasn't any no but

so there's all this fake content that's

going to emerge there's going to be all

is it fake somebody's fake is somebody's

reality yeah I know but my point is more

different how do you if you're asked by

a customer tell me if that's real or not

how do you figure out tomorrow if

something is real well look there's a

huge conversation going on that there

needs to be some form of Regulation that

insist that water marking needs to

happen if you generate a video using any

AI tool it has to say created by AI if

it doesn't it's very hard to tell the

difference yeah and as I was saying to

somebody else the other day it's like

most likely if it seems to perfect it

was probably created by how is that

different let me just ask philosophical

how is that different than airbrushing

in Photoshop than making the person look

completely different we we don't have

any of those disclosures today I always

feel like there's a spectrum that I

guess scale would be the issue right and

Fidelity I don't know sorry scale and

Fidelity like you know the number of

people who can do what you're saying is

.1% of the population or 1% now it's 100

I think if if it's with the intent to

deceive I see ah yeah anyway and then

what about on the other side in terms of

Defense have you started to make AI you

know uh Shields that yes yes so look the

two biggest risks today in AI are is

that I think about 20 to 30% of most

companies have employees the younger

side who are using AI apps to try and

get their job done faster and easier

write me a marketing blog try and figure

something out you know write me a script

for this or take this data analyze it

for me the risk there is that you're

sending proprietary data up into a model

oh yeah for company you know here's a

here's a napkin drawing of a chip design

I just made for inferencing turn this

into real CAD drawing for me they could

do it but except that that llm was

brought down from hugging face and it's

going back to North Korea yep so there's

that risk that your employees are being

targeted with AI apps in your company

who are uploading proprietary data in a

happy way very nicely for you same guy

who picked up the USB stick so there you

have we have a product that watches all

these apps and makes sure that what

you're using what you're uploading is is

not being sent to dangerous apps or if

you don't want your employees to send it

will block you the other one which is

kind of interesting is that I think

almost every company is experimenting

with deploying llms internally because

they all want their favorite proprietary

chat interface and there you need to be

careful because you can what you used to

do with SQL injection you can do with

prompt injection you can bombard models

you can bias them you can do a whole

bunch of stuff so we have you know what

we call an a firewall that will protect

you I want to be sensitive time I know

you have to fly to Geneva thank you very

much for coming ladies and gentlemen the

C thank you for

[Applause]