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Alexandr Wang: “This is a Once-in-a-Civilization Opportunity”

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Alexandr Wang: “This is a Once-in-a-Civilization Opportunity”

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934 segments

0:07

All right, [music] full rockstar

0:08

treatment for Alexander Wang, everyone.

0:10

All right.

0:13

>> [cheering]

0:13

[applause]

0:16

>> So, why don't we start out uh backstage

0:18

we're saying, you know, one of the cool

0:20

ways to think about this event is like

0:22

you know, this room is actually full of

0:24

people who are just like us, but when we

0:26

were 18 or 20 or, you know, there's some

0:29

16-year-olds in this audience, you know.

0:33

Let's jump to your story. I mean, you

0:35

got it came up always really smart like

0:37

math olympiad like jump us to, you know,

0:41

the Alex of that time. Like, what were

0:42

you feeling? What were you thinking? And

0:44

what drove you down this road?

0:47

>> Yeah, I am

0:48

uh

0:50

Well, I grew up in New Mexico, Los

0:51

Alamos, New Mexico, um which now

0:54

Oppenheimer famous, but um

0:57

it really was the middle of nowhere and

0:59

uh

1:00

I remember I did all these math

1:02

competitions, all these um computer

1:03

science competitions, but then um

1:06

I knew I wanted to do really big things

1:09

and it was like not exactly clear how or

1:12

what the exact path to do that would be.

1:14

Um

1:15

and I had a friend who was really into

1:17

programming um and, you know, after high

1:21

school got an internship in the valley.

1:23

I think his first internship was at

1:24

Palantir. And um and he, you know, he

1:27

was kind of this um influence for me and

1:30

so after I finished uh high school, I

1:32

ended up working at Quora um here in

1:34

Silicon Valley. And then um

1:38

I worked there for a year. I took a gap

1:40

year to work there um and then I went to

1:43

MIT.

1:44

Um and this is I was 19 when I worked at

1:46

Quora, I was 18 when I went to MIT and I

1:48

was 19 when I started um Scale. And I

1:51

remember this period from like 17 to 19

1:54

it was um

1:56

uh

1:57

I felt like I was constantly changing

1:59

like

2:00

you know exactly what I want to do was

2:02

constantly changing. You know, I was

2:04

learning so much just from the people

2:05

around me and it was just like I felt

2:07

like I was drinking from the firehose

2:09

pretty constantly during that time. Um

2:12

and um I would definitely recommend you

2:15

know the two things that were really

2:15

important. One is I think working at a

2:17

company was really valuable because like

2:20

I think from the outside in you have no

2:22

idea how companies work. You have no

2:23

idea what it looks like to actually

2:25

build something. You have no idea what

2:26

it looks like to iterate on something.

2:27

You have no idea what it looks like for

2:28

groups of people to make decisions. And

2:30

so I thought that was really important.

2:31

And then going to school at MIT was

2:34

actually really important because it

2:36

just gave me a lot of um opportunity to

2:39

explore what was interesting. And so it

2:42

was at MIT that I started training my

2:44

first models and um that I like played

2:47

around with TensorFlow which had just

2:48

come out that year at MIT and where I

2:50

like ultimately came up with the idea of

2:52

Scale. And then after one year at MIT I

2:55

applied to YC.

2:57

You know, it felt like kind of like a

2:58

miracle to get in at that time. And uh

3:01

and YC was was really critical to my

3:03

entrepreneurial journey. Like I don't

3:05

think um like YC is this amazing blend

3:08

of uh you know, they're very supportive

3:11

and they obviously want you to succeed,

3:13

but they also give it to you very real

3:14

and they tell you when you're being a

3:15

dumbass um which I think is uh you know,

3:18

that's what we all need in life. So

3:20

um yeah, that was I think the story till

3:22

then I was 19 started Scale and uh the

3:24

rest is history.

3:25

>> I guess with uh you work with Jared

3:27

Friedman at the time and um you came in

3:30

with actually a very different idea than

3:32

what ended up becoming Scale.

3:35

>> Yeah, so we wanted to build um like an

3:38

AI agent funnily enough for uh for doc

3:40

for to help people like get medical

3:41

care. Um and it was like the right it

3:45

was a great example of an idea that I

3:48

think will ultimately exist. Like I

3:50

think we're even seeing it now. Like AI

3:51

agents to help people get medical care

3:53

are very real. But it was the wrong

3:54

timing.

3:55

Um and uh and we worked on it for about

3:58

a month or two before Jared pulled us

4:01

aside and were like, "Guys, this is I

4:04

don't know if this is going to go

4:04

anywhere."

4:06

>> [laughter]

4:06

>> Um and uh and that's exactly what we

4:08

needed to hear. And it was at that time

4:10

when like, you know, where I had studied

4:13

AI to my T. I had like trained models

4:15

and we thought we sort of went back to

4:16

the drawing board, thought deeply about

4:18

where the opportunity was, and

4:20

>> came up with Scale.

4:21

>> I guess selling data at the time, you

4:24

know, large language models were not

4:25

even had had not really come to the fore

4:27

yet. Um but self-driving cars were sort

4:30

of coming up and and computer vision

4:32

suddenly became So that was sort of the

4:34

first market. Is that right?

4:35

>> Yeah, so

4:37

the the story here is that like I was

4:39

when I was at MIT, I did a bunch of

4:41

projects like train train models of

4:43

various forms. And these were like, you

4:45

know, by comparison today, they're like

4:46

little toy models. And um and I remember

4:49

to train a model, uh I needed three

4:52

things. I needed a

4:55

uh GCP account, like I needed an account

4:56

on some cloud service to get compute. I

4:59

needed um the code to run to actually

5:02

train the model. And I needed data. I

5:04

needed a data set. And uh for two out of

5:07

these three things, you could just press

5:09

a button online and get them. And then

5:12

for the last one, for data, there was

5:14

like no effective way to get data for

5:17

training these training these models. Um

5:19

and so it felt incredibly obvious that

5:22

this was going to be the future, that

5:24

there was going to be a way to um

5:26

you know, press a button so to speak and

5:28

get data. And uh it was very funny

5:31

because

5:32

in the years that followed, like in the

5:34

first many years of Scale, data was very

5:37

unsexy still. Um every time we would go

5:39

out to fundraise, even though our

5:41

numbers were great and we had great

5:42

revenue, you know, VCs and investors

5:45

would always be very skeptical. They'd

5:46

be like, "Oh, I don't know if this is a

5:48

good business. Does it have longevity?

5:49

Is it durable?" Um

5:52

and uh it was really weird to me, but

5:54

you know, none of the investors had ever

5:55

trained a model. So, I guess they didn't

5:57

really get it. Um

5:59

and uh fast forward to today, you know,

6:01

we we managed to raise money, we managed

6:03

to keep going, managed to keep growing

6:04

the business, but um the very same

6:06

investors who passed on us and were um

6:10

were very dour on the potential of AI

6:13

are writing think pieces today about how

6:15

data is so critical and is one of the

6:17

biggest business opportunities um in AI.

6:19

So, uh it's very funny to see that whole

6:22

whole thing come full circle.

6:23

>> I mean, it seems like that's actually a

6:24

real good um

6:25

case study in first principles thinking,

6:27

right? Like, you can't start a company

6:30

by opening the pages of the Wall Street

6:32

Journal and saying, "Well, this data is

6:34

hot. Like, we're going to go work on

6:35

that." It's like, you literally couldn't

6:37

have started Scale that way. You had to

6:39

start from

6:40

uh think like simple statements

6:42

that are about the world that you know

6:44

to be true and then sort of building

6:48

something for that.

6:49

>> Yeah, I think the the key thing is you

6:51

need to develop conviction in a set of

6:53

beliefs that nobody else um agrees with.

6:56

Like, I think if you look at all the

6:58

most successful companies in the world,

7:00

um

7:01

they were started at a time long before

7:06

the sort of like core idea was popular.

7:08

And they work on that. They toil in

7:09

obscurity for years and years before,

7:12

you know, the the idea or the space or

7:15

the concept of the business, you know,

7:17

becomes consensus. And the only way

7:19

you're going to be successful is if

7:21

you're able to identify these truths

7:23

about the world early, long before

7:25

everyone else. And I think the like

7:27

I mean, one of the most surprising

7:29

things like, you know, Scale, we've been

7:30

working on AI for a decade. You know,

7:33

you just you can't base your business

7:35

decisions based on what everyone else is

7:38

saying around you. Like, if you go too

7:41

much with the herd, you will get

7:42

immensely confused and you will end up

7:45

nowhere. And so you have to develop your

7:47

own compass of what you think the future

7:49

is going to look like

7:51

because everyone else will just confuse

7:53

you.

7:53

>> It seems like one of the things you got

7:55

incredibly great at was you know, you

7:57

start with this kernel of like we

7:58

believe X and nobody else believes it,

8:01

but then the mechanics of building the

8:03

business are talking to investors and

8:05

convincing them and not letting them

8:08

demoralize you, talking to customers who

8:11

I mean should just get it and then

8:13

especially like convincing people to

8:15

come work for you.

8:17

>> Yeah, I think that the the

8:20

these early mechanics of building a

8:21

company like the these are things that I

8:24

think you might have some predisposition

8:25

be good at, but like

8:27

nobody is good at starting a company

8:29

when they start a company.

8:31

And

8:32

I remember talking to a lot of the

8:35

investors who I met very early on and

8:37

they you know, a lot of them would say

8:38

like oh, like you know, you just grew so

8:41

quickly and you changed so quickly and

8:42

like I didn't you know, I didn't see it

8:43

at the time. And I think that's probably

8:45

true for literally everyone who starts a

8:47

company like nobody is

8:50

nobody is good at something they've

8:51

never done before, right? And so

8:53

I think for all entrepreneurs, you start

8:56

out pretty shitty at everything and

9:00

the whole game is how do you develop

9:02

yourself to continuously improve to get

9:04

better and learn quickly.

9:05

>> Uh backstage we're talking about this is

9:07

actually a really lucky time to start a

9:09

company cuz you know, obviously you can

9:11

come do YC, uh you're you know, the

9:14

people in this room have each other,

9:15

which is kind of wild, but not only

9:17

that, now you have

9:19

a ideal personal AI that's going to tell

9:22

you, you know, hey, these are some ways

9:24

to do it. Um

9:26

Do you think that would have helped you

9:27

like accelerate even faster? Like you

9:29

know, talk

9:31

What do you think it's like to start a

9:32

company today with with AI in the age of

9:35

AI?

9:36

>> Yeah.

9:37

I mean I really think I think we're at

9:39

this like in amazing moment in the world

9:43

where the bottleneck is not the progress

9:46

of the AI models, the bottleneck is

9:49

diffusing that through the rest of the

9:50

world and and helping the world adapt to

9:53

this amazing technology that already

9:55

exists. Like I think if the models

9:56

didn't improve at all from today, there

9:58

would still be like decades and decades

10:00

of like total upheaval and change in the

10:03

economy and how the world operates and

10:05

and everything around us and um you

10:07

know, so I think it's as a result, it's

10:09

like one of the most incredible it's

10:12

probably a like once in a civilization

10:15

opportunity to be a dreamer and to have

10:18

a vision and to have ambition and to

10:20

impose a view of how the future world

10:23

should look by building something

10:24

amazing. Um you know, one of the things

10:27

that we were we were chatting about um

10:29

uh

10:30

you know, backstage is you know, when

10:33

when I started Scale or you know, 10

10:35

years ago, if you start a company, you

10:37

had to be um you know, it was like David

10:41

versus Goliath and you had to be clever

10:43

and you had to find like an angle into

10:45

the market and you had to sort of like,

10:46

you know, figure out um a way to compete

10:49

even though you had much fewer

10:50

resources. And now I actually think with

10:52

the power of agents um and AI broadly

10:56

speaking, it's much closer to Goliath

10:59

versus Goliath. Like I think but maybe

11:01

the startup is like a Mecca Goliath that

11:03

is like vastly enhanced by the power of

11:05

agents and AI and you know, the the

11:08

large companies are the sort of like

11:09

more traditional Goliath, so to speak.

11:12

But I think that startups now like if

11:14

you properly embrace AI agents and um

11:19

figure out the way to leverage their

11:20

strengths in the most like ambitious

11:22

ways, you can easily outcompete

11:25

incumbents.

11:27

>> So, let's talk about super intelligence

11:29

because that's clearly that's even in

11:31

the name of your lab.

11:33

Um,

11:34

what does super intelligence mean

11:35

operationally inside Meta right now?

11:39

>> Yeah, I think that you know, we a year

11:41

ago Mark wrote this um,

11:44

memo about personal super intelligence,

11:46

which I think actually is very similar

11:47

to your concept of personal AGI. But,

11:49

you know, we believe that everybody in

11:52

the world, you know, all the billions of

11:54

people in the world are going to have a

11:57

super intelligence that is adapted and

11:59

tailored to them, that is enables them

12:01

to accomplish their goals, knows their

12:03

context, and ultimately is an expander

12:05

of their own agency. Like I think the

12:07

thing that we think a lot about is is

12:09

agency expansion. How do we help people

12:11

accomplish things that they couldn't

12:13

have ever dreamed of before? And what

12:15

would everyone in the world do if

12:17

everything was just easy? Um, and we

12:20

think about this in a in an ecosystem

12:22

way um, as well. I think uh, you know,

12:24

Patrick mentioned it, but you know, we

12:26

don't believe in this totalizing, you

12:28

know, totalitarian view of, you know,

12:31

AIs that control the world. We believe

12:33

that these are going to enhance this

12:34

very broad ecosystem. And so, you know,

12:37

we believe in billions of people all

12:39

around the world all having their own

12:40

personal super intelligence. And we also

12:42

believe in, you know, an explosion of

12:44

entrepreneurship. There's 200 million

12:46

businesses that uh, are on Meta's

12:49

platforms today. We think that number

12:51

should go to billions with this

12:52

explosion of of creativity and using AI

12:55

tools. And ultimately we think that, you

12:58

know, it's going to be this like dynamic

12:59

ecosystem of business agents working

13:02

with, you know, personal agents and

13:04

developing this sort of like

13:05

uh, complex ecosystem that is fully AI

13:09

supercharged.

13:10

>> So, I was really psyched to see Meta

13:12

Spark uh, 1.1. My my open claw

13:15

absolutely loved it. Um,

13:17

how you know, how how has running a

13:19

frontier lab been? Um, you know, the

13:22

Meta Spark level is sort of the opus

13:24

level. Uh, what's coming down the pipe?

13:26

And also I think that you're uh, you're

13:29

increasingly looking at open source

13:31

which uh, I think this audience really

13:32

loves.

13:33

>> Yeah, yeah.

13:34

So, I think it was um, it's been you

13:37

know, I've been at Meta for about a year

13:38

now and it's been um,

13:40

quite a year. I think uh,

13:42

you know, getting in and um, you know,

13:45

Meta we we've talked about it publicly

13:47

like Llama 4 wasn't on the trajectory

13:48

that was needed for um, for Meta and so

13:51

I got in there and we kind of did a

13:53

zero-based build of how do you um,

13:57

you know, build an entire frontier lab

13:59

uh,

14:00

you know, in some ways kind of from

14:01

scratch obviously using a lot of what we

14:02

had um, and move as quickly as possible.

14:05

And so within nine months of that moment

14:08

we launched new Spark 1 and then uh, two

14:10

months later we launched new image and

14:12

new Spark 1.1 and um,

14:14

you know, there's a few things that I

14:16

think have really struck me about this.

14:17

It you know, the first is talent density

14:21

was incredibly important. That was the

14:23

the core thing to bet on and um,

14:26

like talent density is something that

14:27

compounds naturally. Like the more

14:29

talented people you have the more of the

14:31

most most talented people want to join

14:33

you. Um,

14:34

you know, in and I think it's it's kind

14:36

of um, amazing to see on the inside but

14:39

you know,

14:40

frontier AI work is research. Like we

14:43

are it is scientific work. We're

14:44

exploring what can you do with these

14:46

models? How can you push these models?

14:48

What is the what are the reaches of what

14:50

can be accomplished with these models

14:51

which requires a totally different

14:53

mindset and operating model than you

14:56

know, existed for internet companies or

14:58

internet products and what not. There's

14:59

a lot more about experimentation, about

15:01

science, about scaling and everything

15:03

ultimately is about how do you develop

15:06

a lab, an operating model, a system that

15:09

will just um, be able to compound with

15:12

all of the exponential growth that will

15:14

happen in the ecosystem. Both the

15:15

exponential growth in capabilities, the

15:16

exponential growth in compute, um, the

15:18

exponential growth in adoption and

15:20

usage. Like these are all um, we are on

15:22

this like very, very steep exponent

15:25

across maybe every dimension of the

15:27

ecosystem. And um, it's important to

15:29

develop like a like an organism. That's

15:32

how I think about the lab that that's

15:33

able to sort of grow with that. Um, you

15:36

know, it's been it's been very exciting

15:37

and we're we're going to be shipping a

15:39

lot more. So, um, I think uh, you know,

15:42

we will we just launched Muse Spark 1.1,

15:44

which was a great model. We're going to

15:45

continue to have updates on the Muse

15:47

Spark line. Um, we're also have bigger

15:49

models on the way that I think will be

15:52

uh, much more competitive with even the

15:54

very best models that are out there

15:55

today. We're going to be launching a

15:57

harness um, soon and have been working

15:59

on a harness to help empower all the

16:01

developers and agentic developers out

16:03

there. Um,

16:05

and uh, and then we're also um, you

16:07

know, as you mentioned, we're working on

16:09

open-source models. And we want to kind

16:11

of as I described before, like, we

16:12

believe in a decentralized world of AI

16:16

capability and progress and development.

16:18

Like, we want to we want to empower the

16:21

broader ecosystem and everyone in the

16:24

world to be able to build and develop

16:25

using this technology. And so, um, we

16:27

have a lot of exciting things on the way

16:29

and I think we want to be um,

16:32

we want to empower the ecosystem and

16:33

developers as much as humanly possible.

16:36

>> I mean, it sounds like one of the ways,

16:37

I mean, certainly when I was using uh,

16:39

Muse Spark with my Open Claw, like, it

16:41

it became clear that it was as good as

16:43

Opus, especially for that sort of

16:45

agentic flow with skill files, but it

16:48

was like eight x cheaper, actually.

16:50

>> [laughter]

16:51

>> Yes. Well, we I think this this goes to

16:53

it. Like, I don't, you know, we don't

16:55

believe in a world where these models

16:56

are so expensive that, you know, they

16:58

get rationed only for the most wealthy

17:00

of developers and and companies. Um,

17:03

it's important for everyone to be able

17:04

to use the technology to um, and to

17:08

build whatever they want to build with

17:09

it. And I think that, you know, we take

17:11

a view

17:13

I think the best AI products haven't

17:15

even been developed yet. You know, that

17:17

if you look at the AI ecosystem and

17:20

everything that's happened, like every

17:22

wave is 10 times bigger than the past

17:24

wave. So, you know, when I started

17:26

scale, the first wave was maybe

17:27

self-driving cars. Self-driving cars are

17:29

really awesome. They're like really,

17:31

really cool, but that was like pales in

17:33

comparison to large language models and

17:35

chatbots. And like, you know, chatbots

17:37

became this thing that was like probably

17:38

10 times bigger even than um than uh you

17:42

know, self-driving cars. And then there

17:44

were coding agents which came a few

17:45

years later. And coding agents are

17:46

probably 10 times bigger than than um

17:49

chatbots. And I think we're just on this

17:51

steep curve. Like, we're going to keep

17:53

seeing these new modalities and form

17:55

factors and developments of the AI

17:57

paradigm that will each be dramatically

17:59

bigger than the last. And so, um you

18:01

know, our point of view is like, let's

18:03

let's unleash the ecosystem. Let's

18:04

explore and let's see um let's build,

18:07

you know, kind of the future of the

18:08

world together.

18:09

>> So, what's the best way to actually take

18:11

advantage of the coding model uh from U

18:14

Spark? It's it's open code, right?

18:16

>> Yeah. Today, um the the easiest way is

18:19

to use open code. We have like

18:20

onboarding on the website. And then uh

18:22

soon we'll have a harness of our own.

18:23

And um ultimately, I think we want great

18:26

models that plug into all of the

18:27

available harnesses and empower as much,

18:30

you know,

18:31

uh sort of combinatorial innovation in

18:32

the ecosystem as possible.

18:33

>> Yeah, I know the harness is uh you know,

18:35

under wraps still. But like, can you

18:37

tease us with

18:38

you know, I mean, I still use open claw.

18:40

I still use Hermes agent. You know, it's

18:43

uh you know, these things are I call

18:44

them Ferraris that break down on the

18:46

side of the road all the time. Like, is

18:48

this a Ferrari that won't break down?

18:49

Like, you know, tease us a little bit.

18:51

>> Yeah, hopefully hopefully it doesn't it

18:53

doesn't break down. I mean, I think

18:54

we're really focused on speed. I think

18:56

speed is

18:57

um

18:58

you know, for anyone that uses these

18:59

tools, speed is probably the you know,

19:01

one of the most critical things. I think

19:03

also reliability, like you mentioned, we

19:04

want to be extremely reliable. Um we

19:07

want to be very extensible and to scale

19:09

to as complex and interesting of a

19:11

multi-agent setup that you that you want

19:14

to have. Like I think there's so much

19:15

innovation that will occur even above

19:17

the harness, frankly, um in terms of

19:19

like how to orchestrate and set up loops

19:21

and and develop like, you know, very

19:23

complex ecosystems of these agents

19:25

working together.

19:26

Um Uh we want to be really extensible

19:28

and and um ultimately we want to just

19:32

empower people to harness this

19:33

technology because harness that Oh,

19:36

>> [laughter]

19:36

>> uh no pun actually pun not intended, but

19:39

um

19:40

but there's like I truly believe these

19:43

these models are already just incredibly

19:45

powerful. Like they should they should

19:47

be so powerful to fuel, you know, um

19:51

many many points of expansion of GDP

19:53

growth and I think it's like up to smart

19:57

people with vision and ambition to make

19:58

all that happen.

20:01

>> Let's see. So, one question. I mean,

20:03

when you look back on the decade, um

20:06

what do you think they'll say was

20:07

obvious in hindsight about AI that

20:10

people are just missing in real time

20:11

right now?

20:13

>> You know, so much of the debate that

20:16

happens these days is around oh, how

20:19

good are the models actually getting and

20:21

can the models actually bridge this

20:23

issue and, you know, when are we going

20:25

to get super intelligence? Is that in

20:27

like 2 years or 5 years? And, you know,

20:29

are we going to hit a wall? And, you

20:31

know, so much of that debate is like

20:33

I think um in some ways uh

20:37

a little bit of a waste of time because,

20:39

you know,

20:40

I think it's inevitable that we're going

20:41

to have very powerful models and um you

20:44

know, rather than

20:45

I think we'll look back and say, "Oh,

20:47

all this arguing around like when

20:49

exactly it was going to happen was sort

20:51

of um was short-sighted because the

20:54

reality is we are just as a entire human

20:57

civilization on this incredible

20:59

exponential. Like you cannot look at the

21:01

progress of AI over the past decade and

21:04

not just be totally awestruck by how far

21:08

it's come. Like a decade ago, the best

21:10

AI models could recognize cats in

21:13

YouTube videos. And now, you know, we're

21:15

talking to

21:17

um you know, a digital god that can, you

21:19

know,

21:20

uh I mean, we've all seen some of the

21:22

hacks and some of the some of the things

21:23

these systems are capable of. And

21:26

you just can't help but be awestruck.

21:27

And and I think this trend will just

21:29

continue. Like these these models are

21:31

going to become more and more powerful.

21:32

And so,

21:33

I think a decade looking back, it'll

21:36

it'll be obvious that intelligence

21:39

became abundant and that agency became

21:41

abundant. Like the current trends we're

21:43

on are just going to keep continuing.

21:45

And um this will be very strange. I

21:47

mean, I think for the history of

21:50

humanity, um

21:52

you know, groups of smart people getting

21:53

together towards a shared goal was was

21:56

the bottleneck of progress. You know, US

21:58

The United States of America in some

22:00

sense was an example of this. Like the

22:01

United States of America was formed from

22:03

a smart group of very smart people

22:04

getting together and having a vision for

22:06

the future that they wanted to enact.

22:08

And that's the story of nearly every

22:09

company um in America. And it's the

22:11

story of every YC company. Um

22:13

and

22:15

that's going to change. Like all of a

22:17

sudden, the scarce resource isn't going

22:19

to be intelligence or agency. I really

22:22

think it's going to be vision and

22:24

ambition. It's like, do you have a clear

22:26

view of

22:28

what you want the world to look like in

22:29

the future? What is the like one way in

22:32

which you want to put your finger on the

22:33

scale for how the future of the world

22:35

will develop and how the how the world

22:37

will look like in 5 to 10 years that it

22:39

does not look like today? And do you

22:41

have the ambition and drive to like go

22:43

through all the crap to make that

22:45

happen? And AI will make that easier.

22:48

Like agents in AI makes that maybe 10

22:51

times or 100 times easier than it was a

22:53

decade ago. But the flip side of that is

22:55

then you all of a sudden you can dream

22:56

bigger. Like I think And the world is

22:58

like

22:59

um you know, there's so many things that

23:01

need to evolve for us to be able to

23:05

fully embrace this technology. Um you

23:07

know, the world is like really just, you

23:09

know, barely even ready for this

23:11

technology today. And I think, you know,

23:13

as a builder, we have a responsibility

23:15

to prepare the world, right? Like we

23:17

have to help enterprises and

23:19

governments, you know, to adapt to this

23:22

new technology. We have to help figure

23:23

out how we secure the world from a

23:25

biosecurity perspective or cybersecurity

23:27

perspective. We have to figure out how

23:29

we um how we're going to to manage all

23:32

these risks that we see with this new

23:33

technology. But on the flip side, it's

23:35

also the time of like, you know,

23:38

unprecedented opportunity for humans.

23:39

Like we can develop new sciences. We can

23:42

solve problems in health and biology

23:43

that have been forever unsolved. We can

23:45

build new businesses that you couldn't

23:46

have even imagined before. There's like

23:48

new creative opportunities that couldn't

23:49

have existed before. So, it's like

23:52

it's just this incredible cradle of of

23:55

opportunity and risks that uh that I

23:58

think makes it like no better time to be

23:59

someone who's a builder and um

24:03

and has a strong view of how the world

24:04

should change.

24:06

>> Do you think the path has changed? I

24:07

mean, one of the things I saw, I think

24:09

Stanford uh the amount of computer

24:11

science majors actually dropped by some

24:13

double-digit percentage. It's people

24:15

sort of worried like, which is sort of

24:17

insane to me. Like you still sort of

24:19

need those skills to even create agents

24:21

that are that good. Maybe that won't be

24:23

true. I'm not really sure.

24:25

How you know, have you changed you know,

24:27

what do you what would you say to people

24:28

in this audience right now? Like this is

24:30

sort of a real question that people are

24:32

sort of facing. Like should they become

24:34

more word cell and less shape rotator?

24:36

Like what you know, what's the move? And

24:39

you

24:39

has that changed um

24:42

the kind of people you're looking to

24:43

hire and, you know, how you manage your

24:45

teams right now at Meta?

24:47

>> I think systematic and rigorous thinking

24:50

are still incredibly important because

24:52

you know, the abstraction layer, I mean,

24:54

I didn't used to believe that this is

24:55

how it was going to play out, but it

24:56

really has, like, the abstraction layer

24:58

just keeps changing. So, you know, when

25:01

I started a company back in my day, we

25:03

wrote code. Um

25:05

>> [laughter]

25:05

>> And now, you know, I'm sure nobody here

25:07

writes code anymore. That's ridiculous.

25:09

But um but now it's about how do you

25:11

orchestrate the agents together? And

25:13

then it's like, how do you develop these

25:15

organizations of agents? Like, how do

25:16

you get like a million agents to work

25:18

together well? And then it'll be, how do

25:19

you get like a trillion agents to work

25:21

together well? Like, I think that

25:22

there's going to be this continued um

25:25

uh need to figure out how you structure

25:29

uh workflows at the abstraction layer

25:31

that we're going to be operating at. And

25:33

that form of like rigorous systematic

25:35

thinking, I mean, traditionally the way

25:38

this would work like in my era of

25:40

starting companies is you would start by

25:41

writing code, and then you would have

25:43

organizations of humans, and you'd

25:44

figure out how you how to organize those

25:46

humans. Um and that requires systems

25:48

thinking. And now, maybe it's like much

25:50

more much closer to first you you

25:52

orchestrate the agent, then you figure

25:53

out how to orchestrate like these armies

25:54

of agents. But um

25:56

but I think systems thinking is never

25:59

going to go out of style. So, I think

26:01

it's definitely a mistake to go all in

26:02

on Word Cell. Like, I think you need to

26:04

you need to shape rotate. Um

26:07

but then I think the sort of like um

26:09

much more of I think what's necessary

26:11

going in the future is having um

26:14

a deeper sort of compass and

26:17

philosophical view on how the world

26:19

should develop. Because I think there

26:21

are there are many many lessons um from

26:24

human history around um

26:27

how how we think civilization go through

26:29

this period. And um

26:32

So, you know, humanity will change more

26:34

in the next decade than it has in the

26:35

past 100 years, probably. And um

26:38

And so, I think like the imperative for

26:41

us to have positive visions for that and

26:43

have coherent uh articulations of how

26:46

that should develop are are more

26:48

important than ever.

26:50

>> Um

26:51

Let's get a little more concrete. I

26:52

mean, one of the things I'm curious

26:54

about is like, are there sort of

26:55

applications of AI that you're seeing

26:58

among your friends or internal to Meta

27:00

that you can talk about that are, you

27:02

know, they're sort of obvious near-term

27:04

maybe people haven't figured out yet. I

27:05

mean, give us some alpha.

27:08

>> [laughter]

27:09

>> Um, I mean,

27:11

I think there's still just like

27:12

astronomical opportunity in

27:15

uh agentic looping and and figuring out

27:17

how you develop systems that enable you

27:20

to spend like 1,000 x more or 1 million

27:24

x more on tokens to drive an outcome in

27:27

a in a continuous feedback loop. Like if

27:29

you think about most companies,

27:31

companies are just these like

27:33

large-scale feedback loops where humans

27:35

are operating each of the edges. Like,

27:37

you know, companies they um, they get

27:39

customers and they figure out to make

27:41

those customers happier. And if

27:42

customers are happier, then they spend

27:43

more. And if they spend more, then they

27:44

can hire more people who can then go

27:46

figure out how to get more customers and

27:47

make those customers happier. And that's

27:48

like this, you know, that in some sense

27:51

is the feedback loop of uh

27:53

of every startup or every business. And,

27:55

you know, these within that there are

27:58

micro feedback loops that exist. And I

28:00

think developing agentic systems that

28:02

can operate and optimize these feedback

28:05

loops is there's like just huge amounts

28:08

of of alpha there. Like I think we've

28:09

seen internally at Meta um

28:11

cases where if you can develop the right

28:14

agentic loop and you have the right eval

28:16

or the right metric for the agents to

28:18

optimize, you can have a swarm of agents

28:22

accomplish more than like a team of 100

28:24

engineers in, you know, uh

28:27

very very handily actually, very very

28:29

easily. And so, I think figuring out

28:31

what the world

28:33

um looks like with lots of uh

28:36

sort of this like um

28:38

these agentic coordination problems, I

28:40

think that is like one of the most

28:41

interesting problems today. So,

28:42

mechanically speaking, I mean, markdown

28:44

files, cron jobs, is I mean, is it

28:46

that's and then basically pointing the

28:49

agent at enough data so that it can

28:52

figure something out that, you know,

28:54

maybe isn't in distribution.

28:56

>> Yeah, I think figuring out Yeah, yeah,

28:58

mechanically figuring out what the

28:59

metric is and then yeah, it just comes

29:00

down to skills, markdown files, cron

29:04

jobs,

29:05

>> /goal.

29:05

>> Yeah, /goal. Like I think I think it's

29:08

always funny how mundane everything is

29:10

once you really dig into it. But um

29:12

>> So it's not magic, you know what I mean?

29:13

Some some people put a lot of magic

29:15

There's like some LinkedIn threads about

29:17

some magic stuff.

29:18

>> advice, ignore LinkedIn.

29:20

LinkedIn is where you get customers.

29:22

>> [laughter]

29:25

>> So I like to end on this, which is um

29:28

you know,

29:30

you get a telegram to send to the

29:32

18-year-old version of yourself, you

29:35

know, what do you say to that person

29:36

right now given all, you know, I mean,

29:39

thank you for coming back and sharing

29:40

your wisdom with this audience. I mean,

29:42

you know, what would you send in a

29:44

message in a bottle to the 18-year-old

29:46

version of yourself right now?

29:47

>> Yeah, I think the

29:50

I think it really boils down to

29:52

develop your own internal compass for

29:55

how you think the future will develop

29:57

and have strong conviction in it

29:59

because, you know, you will get so you

30:03

will get inundated with noise and people

30:05

telling you and like you'll could

30:07

be very confusing and it'll be very

30:09

hard. And especially when you're young

30:10

and you don't have experience like it

30:13

can feel very difficult to

30:15

um

30:16

have true conviction in what you believe

30:18

and and what you want to do. But I think

30:20

that's the most important thing. Kind of

30:21

as we talked about, you know, um

30:24

it took a deep deep conviction in what

30:26

we were building to be able to weather

30:29

the the sort of storms of many years of

30:32

um of

30:34

uh chaos in the market, in the industry,

30:36

in the people around us. And so

30:38

um And and then the other piece of

30:39

advice I would have is try to identify

30:42

what is the what is the exponential in

30:44

the world that has both the steepest

30:47

curve and will go the longest. And you

30:50

know many decades ago this curve was

30:53

was Moore's law and that probably was

30:56

you know that was

30:57

at the time like clearly the right thing

30:58

to invest on. I think right now it's AI

31:00

progress but there will be more of these

31:02

very steep curves in the future and it's

31:04

fine if these curves start

31:07

you know the starting point is very

31:09

boring or like it doesn't even seem that

31:10

interesting. Like it you know when we

31:12

started

31:13

when I started working on scale

31:15

you know we had cat detectors in YouTube

31:17

videos and that felt you know

31:20

it's hard to say explain the story that

31:22

that's like the most important

31:23

technology of our time but it was on

31:24

just this like unbelievable exponential.

31:27

Um

31:28

And I think I have one last thing I got

31:29

to say yes which is

31:31

we are meta is proud to offer everyone

31:34

in this room a thousand dollars of free

31:37

credits for the new Spark API.

31:40

Fantastic. [applause]

31:44

And uh

31:48

And we're going to keep making the

31:49

models better and right now new Spark is

31:52

I think eight x cheaper than Opus so

31:54

so if you convert that to Opus dollars

31:57

uh

31:57

>> [laughter]

31:58

>> it's a lot more but no everyone here

32:00

will will work to get everyone the

32:01

details on how to get how to get these

32:03

credits and we're really excited to see

32:05

what everyone builds.

32:06

Alexander Wang everyone.

Interactive Summary

Alexander Wang, founder of Scale and current leader at Meta's AI labs, shares his journey from a math-focused youth to building a major AI enterprise. He emphasizes the importance of developing an independent compass for identifying future truths, the value of learning by working at companies early, and the critical nature of finding 'exponential' opportunities. The discussion highlights how AI agents and personal superintelligence are set to revolutionize productivity, enabling individuals to accomplish things previously unimagined, and concludes with an offer of credits for Meta's new Spark API to support developers.

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