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Why AI Will Never Replace a Great Teacher | Matt Wu | TED

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Why AI Will Never Replace a Great Teacher | Matt Wu | TED

Transcript

316 segments

0:03

We're living in the most remarkable

0:05

moment in the history of education.

0:09

AI can now tutor you in calculus. It can

0:12

write you a semester-long study plan.

0:15

I even had one of our students tell me

0:17

that they instructed their AI to teach

0:19

computer science the way Gordon Ramsay

0:21

runs Kitchen Nightmares.

0:25

AI is seriously changing the education

0:27

game.

0:28

It's making knowledge more accessible,

0:30

more personalized, and more intuitive

0:32

than we ever thought possible.

0:35

But ask any student what has changed

0:37

their life the most, and they won't tell

0:39

you about a technology.

0:41

They'll tell you about a person.

0:45

A teacher who believed in them before

0:47

they believed in themselves.

0:50

A friend who kept showing up even when

0:52

things got hard.

0:55

A mentor who saw their potential before

0:57

they could see it themselves.

1:00

We're investing billions into making

1:02

sure we put the very best AI tools onto

1:04

every screen on the planet.

1:07

But with all this technology at our

1:08

fingertips,

1:09

why aren't we investing just as urgently

1:12

into making sure every student can

1:13

connect with the people who will change

1:15

their life?

1:18

>> [applause]

1:21

>> I've been grappling with this question

1:23

quite a bit over the last 4 years while

1:25

working on something called peer

1:26

tutoring.

1:28

It's a simple concept, students teaching

1:31

other students.

1:33

Imagine any classroom that you've ever

1:34

been in, right? 20 students all learning

1:36

the same thing.

1:38

A concept might click for one student,

1:40

but trip up another.

1:42

Now if you match those two students,

1:44

something beautiful happens.

1:46

One tutors the other.

1:49

The tutor builds confidence and

1:51

reinforces their own learning.

1:53

The learner gets personalized support

1:56

from someone who just figured it out

1:58

themselves.

2:00

This peer-tutoring concept is the

2:02

foundation of Schoolhouse, the nonprofit

2:04

I lead that connects high school

2:06

students around the world for peer

2:08

tutoring over Zoom.

2:10

Today, nearly 200,000 students have

2:13

received tutoring from 30,000 incredible

2:16

volunteer tutors, adding up to over 100

2:19

million minutes of learning all

2:20

completely for free.

2:24

>> [applause]

2:27

>> And so as AI reshapes this world around

2:30

us, I believe that our need for the

2:32

genuine human connection has never

2:34

mattered more.

2:36

And I've seen proof in the most

2:38

unexpected places that we can build it,

2:40

scale it, and change lives with it.

2:47

This man lost his father when he was in

2:49

high school and dropped out to support

2:52

his family.

2:54

His name is Carl, and for his entire

2:56

adult life, he hid the fact that he had

2:58

never graduated.

3:00

Until at 52, when he decided to go back

3:03

for his high school diploma.

3:05

But Carl needed help.

3:07

Algebra terrified him, and so he looked

3:10

to Schoolhouse for a tutor.

3:13

Across the country,

3:15

Sachin, a 14-year-old in the Bay Area,

3:18

signed up for Schoolhouse to help out

3:19

other kids his age.

3:22

He certainly wasn't expecting Carl, who

3:24

is noticeably not his age, in his first

3:26

tutoring session.

3:28

But he quickly realized that Carl was

3:31

someone he could help.

3:34

Every Sunday for over a year, they

3:36

showed up for tutoring.

3:38

An adult learner in Mississippi, a

3:40

teenager in California.

3:43

And yeah, Carl was learning algebra, but

3:45

more importantly,

3:47

he was learning to believe in himself

3:48

again.

3:50

Here they are, just one week before

3:52

Carl's exam.

3:54

>> That's P multiplied by two, right?

3:57

>> Yeah. No, no, no, no, no, no. It's P

4:00

divided by two.

4:02

>> All right, well, let's see. There you

4:03

go, Nick Carl. Nice job.

4:05

>> All right, then. Sex. Thank you.

4:07

>> How are you feeling? How do you think

4:08

you're going to do on the real test?

4:10

>> My confidence begin to kick in. I can't

4:12

get weak in the algebra now.

4:16

>> Yeah.

4:17

>> [applause]

4:18

>> They're awesome.

4:21

Carl took his exam

4:22

and he scored highest in algebra, the

4:24

subject that once terrified him.

4:29

That's nice.

4:31

Here's what sticks with me about that

4:32

story, though.

4:34

Carl was 14 when he dropped out, the

4:36

exact same age as Sachin.

4:39

If Carl had had a Sachin when he was 14,

4:42

we could be looking at a very different

4:44

life trajectory.

4:46

We talk a lot about making sure students

4:48

can get access to the right tools and

4:49

the right technology, but we also need

4:51

to make sure that every student can

4:53

access a Sachin.

4:55

Someone who can provide the connection

4:56

and motivation that only another human

4:59

can.

5:01

Along the way, we discovered something

5:04

else.

5:05

We saw that this peer tutoring wasn't

5:07

just teaching students how to learn

5:08

concepts. It was also teaching them how

5:11

to better understand one another.

5:14

This realization led us to create a new

5:16

program called Dialogues, where we would

5:18

pair students who had different

5:20

perspectives on often complex or

5:22

controversial issues like immigration or

5:24

gun control or abortion.

5:27

There was no moderator, no scripts, just

5:30

two students talking over Zoom.

5:33

And I'll be honest, I was kind of

5:35

skeptical at first.

5:37

For example, we were going to be pairing

5:38

Joseph in China with Brian in America to

5:41

discuss free speech versus hate speech.

5:44

Like, what could possibly go wrong?

5:48

But luckily, were able to get permission

5:49

to share a few highlights from these

5:50

conversations. Let's take a look.

5:54

>> In China, free speech is not something

5:57

that people participated with.

5:59

>> I think if the politician does use hate

6:01

speech,

6:03

then I'll show it at the voting booth.

6:05

>> I learned a lot today. I I've had to

6:07

consider things I never would have

6:08

otherwise considered.

6:09

>> Friends know I don't talk about

6:11

politics. I think like humility is so

6:13

important when coming into these issues.

6:16

>> I may be wrong, you know,

6:18

I need to do my research.

6:19

>> I was I was born in India. There it's a

6:21

very like very rough income inequality.

6:24

How would they feel like saying some of

6:26

their equity from the business they

6:28

built up just has to be taxed away to

6:30

some person they barely know.

6:32

>> And I think I've generally changed my

6:34

mind.

6:35

>> This is such a wonderful conversation.

6:37

You you kept bringing in like your

6:39

science nerd knowledge.

6:44

>> [laughter]

6:47

>> It's striking to me just how genuine

6:49

these conversations are.

6:51

Students show up with passion and

6:53

conviction,

6:55

and then they do the thing that many

6:56

adults are starting to forget how to do.

6:59

They listen.

7:01

Brian said it perfectly.

7:03

He had to consider what he's otherwise

7:05

never had to consider.

7:07

That is what makes education human,

7:10

not just the transfer of knowledge, but

7:12

the ability to understand others and use

7:14

that to shape your own perspective.

7:17

It can only happen when there's another

7:18

human on the other end, and it's on us

7:20

to make sure that every student can

7:22

engage meaningfully with those who see

7:24

the world differently.

7:28

I've been able to see the impact of this

7:29

human connection, but often in contexts

7:31

that were hard to scale.

7:34

In college, I tutored for a program

7:36

called Amphibious Achievement, where we

7:37

taught Boston public students how to row

7:40

crew

7:41

and prep for the SAT.

7:44

That's what we were doing on the

7:44

surface, but our main goal was actually

7:47

to help every student build an

7:49

unrelenting belief in themselves.

7:52

And if you're wondering why belief,

7:54

well,

7:55

belief is in every student.

7:58

It takes a lot of hard work to unlock,

8:01

but once it's there,

8:03

it can completely change what a student

8:04

believes is attainable.

8:07

And so I saw when my belief in a student

8:08

would become their belief in themselves.

8:11

I would see it take root, first as a

8:13

rowing personal best, and then as a

8:15

college acceptance letter, and soon you

8:17

would see that student's entire

8:18

personality come to life.

8:21

But I also saw the limitations of this

8:24

program model where

8:25

there would be students that we want to

8:27

help, but the proximity or the timing or

8:30

the number of tutors just wasn't there.

8:35

But see,

8:36

that's what's so unique about this peer

8:37

model.

8:39

It can scale.

8:41

Every phone or laptop becomes a portal

8:44

to a trusted human.

8:46

At a global level, students can learn

8:48

around the clock.

8:50

And we were surprised to discover that

8:52

the solution to our tutor shortage was

8:54

actually right in front of us in our

8:56

very own learners.

8:58

Right? Cuz once a student masters the

9:00

material, they can go on and teach it to

9:02

somebody else.

9:04

And we're seeing that already with one

9:06

in five of our tutors actually starting

9:08

their Schoolhouse journey first as a

9:09

learner.

9:13

The most exciting part about all of this

9:15

is that institutions are starting to see

9:17

the value of peer tutoring, too.

9:20

We had a student in rural Arkansas,

9:22

first generation, looking for a way to

9:24

explore his passion in teaching.

9:27

He found Schoolhouse and he ran with it,

9:30

tutoring over 150 sessions in algebra,

9:32

precalc, the SAT, and he was

9:34

consistently rated in the top 5% by his

9:37

peers.

9:39

All of his contributions showed up on

9:41

his Schoolhouse portfolio, which he

9:42

submitted in college applications.

9:46

Now, when admissions officers saw this,

9:48

they didn't just see a letter grade.

9:51

They saw proof of something deeper.

9:54

That the student was adaptable.

9:57

That he could help others in a way that

9:58

was warm, and patient, and engaging.

10:01

And that he had already solved real

10:03

problems with students from 40 other

10:05

countries.

10:07

His name is Emmanuel.

10:09

He's at the University of Chicago now,

10:11

and he recently told me that he wants to

10:13

build his own education startup to pay

10:15

it forward.

10:17

Yeah.

10:17

>> [applause]

10:22

>> Everyone's talking about the skills that

10:24

AI is going to replace.

10:27

But the skills Emmanuel demonstrated,

10:29

the ability to care, to collaborate, to

10:31

communicate, these are deeply human

10:34

skills.

10:35

They've always been important, but in

10:36

the age of AI, they are the skills of

10:38

the future.

10:40

And this doesn't just end with college

10:42

admissions. We're hearing the exact same

10:43

thing from employers.

10:45

The skills that they need most are the

10:47

ones that you cannot automate.

10:52

All of these stories are proof of what's

10:54

possible when the authentic human

10:56

connection is made accessible to

10:58

everyone.

11:00

But every year, we graduate another

11:01

class of students.

11:03

And every year, AI gets exponentially

11:05

more powerful.

11:07

If the goal is to optimize productivity,

11:09

then yeah, AI will win.

11:12

But if we aspire to build a better

11:14

society,

11:15

then we must deliver the human

11:16

connection, and develop the human skills

11:19

that our young people are going to

11:21

increasingly need.

11:23

That is how we navigate the AI

11:24

revolution in education.

11:27

To create a more connected world,

11:29

more capable students, and a more human

11:32

future.

11:34

Thank you.

11:35

>> [applause]

Interactive Summary

The video explores the transformative role of AI in education while emphasizing the critical, irreplaceable nature of human connection. It introduces 'Schoolhouse', a nonprofit platform that utilizes peer-to-peer tutoring to provide free, scalable academic support and foster genuine relationships between students worldwide. The speaker argues that while AI can assist with content, human-centric skills like empathy, communication, and collaboration—cultivated through peer tutoring and open dialogue—are essential for the future. By scaling this peer-tutoring model, education can become more personalized and accessible, ultimately preparing students to navigate an AI-driven world with deep human skills.

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